Zhao Chunxia, Sun Zhangmei, Wei Jixuan, Li Yuntao, Xiang Dong, Wu Yuanpeng, Que Yusheng
School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China.
State Key Laboratory Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Apr 14;14(8):1597. doi: 10.3390/polym14081597.
Polybenzoxazine (PBa) composites based on phosphorous-containing bio-based furfurylamine type benzoxazines (D-fu) and bisphenol-A type benzoxazines (Ba) were developed for flame retardation. The structure of D-fu was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and H-NMR spectroscopy. The curing temperature of Ba/D-fu mixtures was systematically studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated the excellent char formation ability of the PBa composites with the addition of phosphorous-containing D-fu. The flame retardancy of the PBa composite materials was tested by the limited oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94) and cone calorimeter (CONE). The LOI and UL-94 level of PBa/PD-fu-5% reached 34 and V0 rate, respectively. Notably, the incorporation of 5% D-fu into PBa led to a decrease of 21.9% at the peak of the heat-release rate and a mass-loss reduction of 8.0%. Moreover, the fire performance index increased, which demonstrated that the introduction of D-fu can diminish fire occurrence. The role of D-fu in the condensed and gas phases for the fire-resistant mechanism of the PBa matrix was supported by SEM-EDS and TGA/infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR), respectively. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that the Tg of PBa flame-retardant composites was around 230 °C. Therefore, PBa composites are promising fire-retardant polymers that can be applied as high-performance functional materials.
基于含磷生物基糠胺型苯并恶嗪（D-fu）和双酚A 型苯并恶嗪（Ba）开发了用于阻燃的聚苯并恶嗪（PBa）复合材料。通过傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱和 H-NMR 光谱分析了 D-fu 的结构。采用差示扫描量热法（DSC）系统研究了 Ba/D-fu 混合物的固化温度。热重分析（TGA）表明添加含磷 D-fu 的 PBa 复合材料具有优异的成炭能力。通过极限氧指数（LOI）、垂直燃烧试验（UL-94）和锥形量热仪（CONE）测试了 PBa 复合材料的阻燃性能。PBa/PD-fu-5%的 LOI 和 UL-94 等级分别达到 34 和 V0 级。值得注意的是，在 PBa 中加入 5%的 D-fu 导致热释放速率峰值降低 21.9%，质量损失减少 8.0%。此外，火灾性能指数提高，这表明 D-fu 的引入可以减少火灾发生。SEM-EDS 和热重/红外光谱（TG-FTIR）分别支持了 D-fu 在凝聚相和气相中对 PBa 基体阻燃机理的作用。动态力学分析（DMA）表明 PBa 阻燃复合材料的玻璃化转变温度约为 230℃。因此，PBa 复合材料是有前途的阻燃聚合物，可作为高性能功能材料应用。
