The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Harborview Medical, Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2023 Aug;51(4):306-312. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2022.2070046. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Little information exists about horse-related injury admissions to Level 1 trauma centers in the Western United States. This study describes injury patterns in this population, to reveal potential areas for injury prevention initiatives.
A retrospective database review of 512 non-fatal equine-related injuries over a 15-year period was conducted, using a Level 1 hospital trauma registry. To determine patterns of injury, patients injured by riding or being near a horse were classified according to age, sex, helmet use, abbreviated injury score, anatomical region injured, and length of stay.
Equine-related injury was more frequent among females than males, the anatomical region most at risk among adults was the lower extremity (including pelvis), and among children and youth, the head. 75% of head-injured patients were not wearing a helmet at the time of injury and those with the most severe head injuries were least likely to be wearing a helmet.
Preventable equine-related injuries occur across all ages, are more frequent among females, and affect all regions of the body. Despite head-injury risks associated with horse activities, helmet use was not common among most of the injured. Decreasing the risk of these injuries requires use of appropriate protective equipment and enhanced education campaigns aimed at those in the horse industry and the general public.
在美国西部，有关 1 级创伤中心收治的与马相关的损伤的信息很少。本研究描述了该人群的损伤模式，以揭示潜在的损伤预防措施领域。
使用 1 级医院创伤登记处，对 15 年间 512 例非致命性与马相关的损伤进行了回顾性数据库审查。为了确定损伤模式，根据年龄、性别、头盔使用情况、简明损伤评分、受伤的解剖区域和住院时间，将因骑马或靠近马而受伤的患者进行分类。
与马相关的损伤女性比男性更常见，成年人受伤风险最高的解剖区域是下肢（包括骨盆），而儿童和青少年则是头部。75%的头部受伤患者在受伤时没有戴头盔，而头部受伤最严重的患者最不可能戴头盔。
可预防的与马相关的损伤发生在所有年龄段，女性更常见，并且影响身体的所有部位。尽管与马有关的活动存在头部受伤的风险，但大多数受伤者并未普遍使用头盔。要降低这些损伤的风险，需要使用适当的防护设备，并针对马术行业和公众开展增强教育活动。
