Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Sep;29(42):63248-63259. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20285-z. Epub 2022 Apr 22.
The shortage of potable water is a global problem. One of the techniques used to participate solving this problem is the solar distiller. The main demerit of solar distiller is its low output yield. So, this work aims at improving the freshwater productivity of a dish solar distiller by enlarging its absorber surface area and increasing its evaporation rate. As a result, the effect of using three different shapes of absorber liner was investigated: convex dish absorber, stepped absorber, and corrugated surface over the stepped absorber. In addition, the absorber of dish distiller was covered by a cotton wick to enlarge the wetted surface area. Also, different water depths (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 cm) in dish distiller with stepped absorber were investigated. Moreover, the distance below basin liner was occupied by energy storing medium (paraffin wax + titanium oxide nanoparticles). The performances of dish distiller, dish distiller with stepped absorber, and dish distiller with corrugated absorber were evaluated and compared to that of a conventional solar distiller. Experimental results revealed that the performance of dish distiller with corrugated absorber, wick, and energy storing material was higher than that of dish distiller with stepped absorber, which was better than that of dish distiller, which was higher than that of conventional distiller. As well, the highest improvement in productivity of dish distiller with stepped absorber was 125% compared to conventional distiller and took place at 2-cm water depth. In addition, the productivity of dish distiller with corrugated absorber and wick was improved by 160% compared to that of conventional distiller. Additionally, the highest performance was obtained for dish distiller with corrugated absorber, wick, and energy storing material, where the productivity was augmented by about 183%, and the thermal efficiency reached 69.5%.
淡水资源短缺是一个全球性问题。解决这个问题的一种技术是太阳能蒸馏器。太阳能蒸馏器的主要缺点是产水率低。因此，这项工作旨在通过扩大吸收器表面积和提高蒸发率来提高盘式太阳能蒸馏器的淡水产量。结果，研究了三种不同形状的吸收器衬里的效果：凸盘吸收器、阶梯吸收器和阶梯吸收器上的波纹表面。此外，为了扩大润湿面积，在碟式蒸馏器的吸收器上覆盖了棉芯。此外，还研究了阶梯式吸收器中不同水深（1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0 和 5.0 厘米）对碟式蒸馏器的影响。此外，在盆式衬里下方的位置填充了储能介质（石蜡+氧化钛纳米粒子）。评估并比较了盘式蒸馏器、带阶梯式吸收器的盘式蒸馏器和带波纹式吸收器的盘式蒸馏器的性能与传统太阳能蒸馏器的性能。实验结果表明，带波纹吸收器、棉芯和储能材料的盘式蒸馏器的性能高于带阶梯式吸收器的盘式蒸馏器，而带阶梯式吸收器的盘式蒸馏器的性能又高于普通蒸馏器。同样，与传统蒸馏器相比，带阶梯式吸收器的盘式蒸馏器的产水率提高了 125%，发生在水深 2 厘米处。此外，带波纹吸收器和棉芯的盘式蒸馏器的产水率提高了 160%，比传统蒸馏器提高了 160%。此外，带波纹吸收器、棉芯和储能材料的盘式蒸馏器的性能最高，产水率提高了约 183%，热效率达到 69.5%。
