Dash Hirak Ranjan, Das Surajit
DNA Fingerprinting Unit, Forensic Science Laboratory, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
Adv Appl Microbiol. 2022;118:91-113. doi: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2022.02.002. Epub 2022 Mar 14.
The human body provides a complex ecosystem for symbiotic habitation of a huge number of microorganisms. These commensal microorganisms provide a huge benefit to the living host by acting against many deadly infections. Once the host dies, many changes in the complex ecosystem of the human body take place. The personalized microbes of a human body undergo successional change as many exogenous microbes attack the nutrient-rich cadaver after death. The succession pattern change of microbes in human cadaver allows postulating different models for estimation of Postmortem time interval (PMI). Estimation of PMI has a broad prospect from the criminal investigation point of view. Though many techniques are being used nowadays to estimate PMI, all of them have their pros and cons. With the advent of advanced molecular biological techniques, studies on the thanatomicrobiome of a human cadaver have gained pace and provide a superior alternative for conventional methods of PMI estimation. This chapter summarizes the recent advancements in the changes in signature microflora postmortem with change in human microenvironment to postulate a consensus model for estimation of PMI.
人体为大量微生物提供了一个复杂的共生栖息生态系统。这些共生微生物通过抵御许多致命感染，为宿主带来巨大益处。一旦宿主死亡，人体复杂的生态系统就会发生许多变化。人体的个性化微生物会经历演替变化，因为许多外源微生物在人死后会攻击营养丰富的尸体。人体尸体中微生物的演替模式变化使得可以推测出不同的死后时间间隔（PMI）估计模型。从刑事调查的角度来看，PMI的估计前景广阔。尽管如今有许多技术用于估计PMI，但它们都各有优缺点。随着先进分子生物学技术的出现，对人体尸体死亡微生物群的研究加快了步伐，并为传统的PMI估计方法提供了更好的替代方案。本章总结了死后标志性微生物群随人类微环境变化的最新进展，以推测出一个用于PMI估计的共识模型。
