Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
J Adolesc. 2022 Jun;94(4):642-655. doi: 10.1002/jad.12052. Epub 2022 Apr 24.
In the United States, physical activity (PA) among adolescents is declining; 75% of high school students do not meet daily PA guidelines. Low rates of PA are more prevalent among high school girls. Schools provide an optimal environment to target and promote PA. However, school climate has not yet been studied for its importance in promoting PA among high school students, particularly girls.
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the Georgia Student Health Survey (GSHS) 2.0 data on perceptions of different school climate measures and self-reported weekly PA levels to study gender differences in the association of PA with school climate.
Data from a total of 362,926 students (48% males and 52% females) were analyzed. For both genders, the odds of being physically active increased with a more positive report of supportive school environments, school connectedness, peer social support, school physical environments, cultural acceptance, school safety, and adult social support. Peer victimization was associated with increased odds of PA among females but lower odds for males.
Results suggest that improving school climate can increase PA among adolescents. As new or existing school-based interventions and policies are considered by states and local governments, improving the school climate should be part of the overall strategy. Future research is needed on peer victimization among physically active females.
This study evaluated gender differences in the association between measures of school climate and PA among high school students. School climate or policies fostering positive environments including feelings of safety, connectedness, and peer support may increase adolescent PA; addressing peer victimization and fights may reduce gender disparities in PA.
在美国，青少年的体育锻炼（PA）呈下降趋势；75%的高中生不符合日常 PA 指南。高中生中，PA 率较低的情况更为普遍，尤其是女生。学校为针对和促进 PA 提供了最佳环境。然而，学校氛围在促进高中生，尤其是女生的 PA 方面的重要性尚未得到研究。
使用格鲁吉亚学生健康调查（GSHS）2.0 数据对不同学校氛围措施的看法以及自我报告的每周 PA 水平进行了横断面分析，以研究 PA 与学校氛围之间关联的性别差异。
共分析了 362926 名学生（48%为男生，52%为女生）的数据。对于两种性别，对支持性学校环境、学校联系、同伴社会支持、学校物理环境、文化接纳、学校安全和成人社会支持的报告越积极，进行体育活动的可能性就越大。同伴侵害与女生进行 PA 的可能性增加有关，但与男生进行 PA 的可能性降低有关。
结果表明，改善学校氛围可以增加青少年的 PA。随着州和地方政府考虑新的或现有的基于学校的干预措施和政策，改善学校氛围应成为整体战略的一部分。未来需要对积极进行 PA 的女性中的同伴侵害进行研究。
本研究评估了学校氛围措施与高中生 PA 之间关联的性别差异。促进积极环境的学校氛围或政策，包括安全感、联系感和同伴支持感，可能会增加青少年的 PA；解决同伴侵害和打架问题可能会减少 PA 方面的性别差距。
