Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Jnanasahyadri, Shankaraghatta, 577 451, Karnataka, India.
Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, 600 014, Tamilnadu, India.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2022;22(10):868-878. doi: 10.2174/0929866529666220426121132.
Solanum pubescens Willd, growing wild in the hills of Rayadurg jurisdiction of Southwestern Andhra Pradesh, has gained significant attention among researchers for its diverse folkloric applications, existence of novel phytochemicals and leaf extracts which hold great medicinal promises. To date, the S. pubescens fruit's essential oil (SPO) has never been investigated.
The current research has been focused to evaluate the chemical composition of S. pubescens fruit essential oil through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), followed by the investigation of antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and wound healing activities in appropriate models to uncover its biological potentials. Extraction of (Solanopuboil/SPO) from the fresh unripe fruits of Solanum pubescens was carried out in Buchner funnel and Whatman no.10 filter paper and concentrated at 40°C using a rotary evaporator. The metabolic profiling of SPO was analysed by GC-MS technique. The MIC, MBC, activity index, and total antimicrobial activity of SPO were evaluated using standard procedures. Anti-inflammatory activity of SPO was screened using Carrageenan induced paw oedema and Cotton pellet-induced granuloma. Tail immersion test, Acetic acid writhing response and Formalin paw lick test was performed in rats in order to examine the analgesic activity of SPO. Wound healing activity of SPO was investigated by performing the incision wound model, Excision wound model and Dead space wound model in rats.
The SPO displayed a constant degree of antimicrobial activity against B. cereus, B. subtilis, E. coli, A. niger, A. fumigatus and C. albicans with significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Also, a prominent wound healing potential of it was observed in excision, incision and dead space wound models with considerable elevation in granulation tissue hydroxyproline, hexuronic acid and hexosamine content in association with remarkable regulation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant markers i.e., Lipid peroxidase (LPO), Nitric Oxide (NO), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx).
These findings strongly validate the therapeutic potential of S. pubescens fruit essential oil in antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory mediated wound healing and suggests its promising application as valuable and novel indigenous leads in the food and pharmaceutical industries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first-ever investigatory report on the systematic phytochemical and therapeutic examination of S. pubescens fruit essential oil.
在西南安得拉邦雷亚德格尔管辖区的丘陵地带野生生长的 Solanum pubescens Willd，因其多样的民间应用、存在新型植物化学物质和具有巨大药用潜力的叶子提取物而引起了研究人员的极大关注。迄今为止，尚未研究过 S. pubescens 果实的精油（SPO）。
目前的研究集中于通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）评估 S. pubescens 果实精油的化学成分，然后在适当的模型中研究其抗菌、抗真菌、抗炎、镇痛和伤口愈合活性，以揭示其生物潜力。通过 Buchner 漏斗和 Whatman no.10 滤纸从未成熟的 Solanum pubescens 新鲜果实中提取（Solanopuboil/SPO），并在 40°C 使用旋转蒸发器浓缩。通过 GC-MS 技术分析 SPO 的代谢物谱。使用标准程序评估 SPO 的 MIC、MBC、活性指数和总抗菌活性。使用角叉菜胶诱导的足肿胀和棉绒球诱导的肉芽肿筛选 SPO 的抗炎活性。在大鼠中进行尾部浸入试验、醋酸扭体反应和福尔马林足舔试验，以检查 SPO 的镇痛活性。通过在大鼠中进行切口伤口模型、切除伤口模型和死腔伤口模型来研究 SPO 的伤口愈合活性。
SPO 对 B. cereus、B. subtilis、E. coli、A. niger、A. fumigatus 和 C. albicans 表现出恒定程度的抗菌活性，具有显著的抗炎和镇痛活性。此外，它在切除、切口和死腔伤口模型中表现出明显的伤口愈合潜力，与显著调节抗炎和抗氧化标志物相关，即脂质过氧化酶（LPO）、一氧化氮（NO）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx），显著提高了肉芽组织羟脯氨酸、己糖醛酸和己糖胺的含量。
这些发现有力地验证了 S. pubescens 果实精油在抗菌和抗炎介导的伤口愈合中的治疗潜力，并表明其作为食品和制药行业有价值和新型本土先导物的潜在应用。据我们所知，这是对 S. pubescens 果实精油进行系统植物化学和治疗研究的首次调查性报告。
