Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Queen Mary of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
J Med Virol. 2022 Aug;94(8):3570-3580. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27813. Epub 2022 May 6.
Cell pyroptosis has received increased attention due to the associations between innate immunity and disease, and it has become a major focal point recently due to in-depth studies of cancer. With increased research on pyroptosis, scientists have discovered that it has an essential role in viral infections, especially in the occurrence and development of some picornavirus infections. Many picornaviruses, including Coxsackievirus, a71 enterovirus, human rhinovirus, encephalomyocarditis virus, and foot-and-mouth disease virus induce pyroptosis to varying degrees. This review summarized the mechanisms by which these viruses induce cell pyroptosis, which can be an effective defense against pathogen infection. However, excessive inflammasome activation or pyroptosis also can damage the host's health or aggravate disease progression. Careful approaches that acknowledge this dual effect will aid in the exploration of picornavirus infections and the mechanisms that produce the inflammatory response. This information will promote the development of drugs that can inhibit cell pyroptosis and provide new avenues for future clinical treatment.
细胞焦亡由于与先天免疫和疾病之间的关联而受到越来越多的关注，并且由于对癌症的深入研究，它最近成为一个主要焦点。随着对细胞焦亡的研究不断增加，科学家们发现它在病毒感染中起着至关重要的作用，尤其是在某些小核糖核酸病毒感染的发生和发展中。许多小核糖核酸病毒，包括柯萨奇病毒 A71 肠病毒、人鼻病毒、脑炎心肌炎病毒和口蹄疫病毒，在不同程度上诱导细胞焦亡。本综述总结了这些病毒诱导细胞焦亡的机制，细胞焦亡可以作为宿主抵抗病原体感染的有效防御机制。然而，过度的炎性体激活或细胞焦亡也会损害宿主的健康或加重疾病进展。认真考虑这种双重作用的方法将有助于探索小核糖核酸病毒感染和产生炎症反应的机制。这些信息将促进抑制细胞焦亡的药物的开发，并为未来的临床治疗提供新途径。
