Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Food Biochem. 2022 Aug;46(8):e14206. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.14206. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic complication of diabetes that emphasizes the urgency of developing new drug therapies. With an illustrious history in traditional medicine to improve diabetes, cinnamon has been shown to possess blood lipids lowering effects and antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the extent to which it protects the diabetic heart has yet to be determined. Forty-eight rats were administered in the study and grouped as: control; diabetic; diabetic rats given 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg cinnamon extract, metformin (300 mg/kg), valsartan (30 mg/kg), or met/val (combination of both drugs), via gavage for six weeks. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and markers of cardiac injury including creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated in blood samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, the total contents of thiol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured. Histopathology study and gene expression measurement of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were done on cardiac tissue. FBS and cardiac enzyme indicators were reduced in all treated groups. A reduction in MDA level and enhancement in thiol content alongside with increase of SOD and CAT activities were observed in extract groups. The decrease of inflammation and fibrosis was obvious in treated groups, notably in the high-dose extract group. Furthermore, all treated diabetic groups showed a lowering trend in AT1, ANP, β-MHC, and BNP gene expression. Cinnamon extract, in addition to its hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties, can prevent diabetic heart damage by alleviating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study found that cinnamon extract might protect diabetic heart damage by reducing inflammation and fibrosis in cardiac tissue, in addition to lowering blood glucose levels and increasing antioxidant activity. Our data imply that including cinnamon in diabetic participants' diets may help to reduce risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.
糖尿病心肌病（DCM）是糖尿病的一种慢性并发症，强调了开发新的药物治疗方法的紧迫性。肉桂在传统医学中具有改善糖尿病的悠久历史，已被证明具有降低血脂、抗氧化和抗炎作用。然而，它对糖尿病心脏的保护程度仍有待确定。在这项研究中，给 48 只大鼠分组并给药：对照组；糖尿病组；糖尿病大鼠分别给予 100、200 或 400mg/kg 肉桂提取物、二甲双胍（300mg/kg）、缬沙坦（30mg/kg）或二甲双胍/缬沙坦（两种药物的组合），通过灌胃给药 6 周。评估血液样本中的空腹血糖（FBS）和心脏损伤标志物，包括肌酸激酶-肌肉/脑（CK-MB）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）。测量丙二醛（MDA）水平、总巯基含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性。对心脏组织进行血管紧张素 II 型 1 受体（AT1）、心钠肽（ANP）、β-肌球蛋白重链（β-MHC）和脑钠肽（BNP）的基因表达测量和组织病理学研究。所有治疗组的 FBS 和心脏酶指标均降低。在提取物组中观察到 MDA 水平降低、巯基含量增加以及 SOD 和 CAT 活性增强。在治疗组中，炎症和纤维化减少明显，尤其是在高剂量提取物组中。此外，所有治疗的糖尿病组 AT1、ANP、β-MHC 和 BNP 基因表达均呈降低趋势。肉桂提取物除了具有降血糖和抗氧化作用外，还可以通过减轻心脏炎症和纤维化来预防糖尿病性心脏损伤。实际应用：本研究发现，肉桂提取物通过降低心脏组织中的炎症和纤维化，可能有助于保护糖尿病性心脏损伤，此外还能降低血糖水平和增加抗氧化活性。我们的数据表明，在糖尿病患者的饮食中加入肉桂可能有助于降低心血管疾病的风险因素。
