Zeng Hongbo, Wang Yu, Jiang Tao, Xia Hongqin, Gu Xue, Chen Hongxu
Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 China
Nanotechnology Research Institute (NRI), Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 China.
RSC Adv. 2021 Aug 11;11(44):27406-27419. doi: 10.1039/d1ra05021d. eCollection 2021 Aug 9.
Motion is a basic behavioral attribute of organisms, and it is a behavioral response of organisms to the external environment and internal state changes. Materials with switchable mechanical properties are widespread in living organisms and play crucial roles in the motion of organisms. Therefore, significant efforts have been made toward mimicking such architectures and motion behaviors by making full use of the properties of stimulus-responsive materials to design smart materials/machines with specific functions. In recent years, the biomimetic motions based on micro/nanomotors, actuators and soft robots constructed from smart response materials have been developed gradually. However, a comprehensive discussion on various categories of biomimetic motions in this field is still missing. This review aims to provide such a panoramic overview. From nano-to macroscales, we summarize various biomimetic motions based on micro/nanomotors, actuators and soft robotics. For each biomimetic motion, we discuss the driving modes and the key functions. The challenges and opportunities of biomimetic motions are also discussed. With rapidly increasing innovation, advanced, intelligent and multifunctional biomimetic motions based on micro/nanomotors, actuators and soft robotics will certainly bring profound impacts and changes for human life in the near future.
运动是生物体的一种基本行为属性，是生物体对外部环境和内部状态变化的行为反应。具有可切换机械性能的材料在生物体中广泛存在，并在生物体的运动中发挥着关键作用。因此，人们通过充分利用刺激响应材料的特性来设计具有特定功能的智能材料/机器，在模仿这种结构和运动行为方面做出了巨大努力。近年来，基于由智能响应材料构建的微/纳米马达、致动器和软体机器人的仿生运动逐渐得到发展。然而，该领域中关于各类仿生运动的全面讨论仍然缺失。本综述旨在提供这样一个全景式的概述。从纳米尺度到宏观尺度，我们总结了基于微/纳米马达、致动器和软体机器人的各种仿生运动。对于每种仿生运动，我们讨论了驱动模式和关键功能。还讨论了仿生运动的挑战与机遇。随着创新的迅速增加，基于微/纳米马达、致动器和软体机器人的先进、智能和多功能仿生运动必将在不久的将来给人类生活带来深远影响和变革。
