School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, 310015, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, PR, China.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Apr 28;7(1):141. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-00997-x.
Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been a few variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), one of which is the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529). The Omicron variant is the most mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant, and its high transmissibility and immune evasion ability have raised global concerns. Owing to its enhanced transmissibility, Omicron has rapidly replaced Delta as the dominant variant in several regions. However, recent studies have shown that the Omicron variant exhibits reduced pathogenicity due to altered cell tropism. In addition, Omicron exhibits significant resistance to the neutralizing activity of vaccines, convalescent serum, and most antibody therapies. In the present review, recent advances in the molecular and clinical characteristics of the infectivity, pathogenicity, and immune evasion of Omicron variant was summarized, and potential therapeutic applications in response to Omicron infection were discussed. Furthermore, we highlighted potential response to future waves and strategies to end the pandemic.
自 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行爆发以来，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）已经出现了一些变体，其中之一是奥密克戎变体（B.1.1.529）。奥密克戎变体是 SARS-CoV-2 突变最多的变体，其高传染性和免疫逃逸能力引起了全球关注。由于其更强的传染性，奥密克戎已在多个地区迅速取代德尔塔成为主要变体。然而，最近的研究表明，奥密克戎变体由于改变了细胞嗜性，其致病性降低。此外，奥密克戎对疫苗、恢复期血清和大多数抗体疗法的中和活性表现出显著的抗性。在本综述中，总结了奥密克戎变体在传染性、致病性和免疫逃逸方面的分子和临床特征的最新进展，并讨论了针对奥密克戎感染的潜在治疗应用。此外，我们还强调了未来应对未来浪潮和结束大流行的策略。
