Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
J Mol Med (Berl). 2022 Jun;100(6):847-860. doi: 10.1007/s00109-022-02194-3. Epub 2022 Apr 28.
Fibrosis is a process of pathological tissue repair that replaces damaged, formerly functional tissue with a non-functional, collagen-rich scar. Complications of fibrotic pathologies, which can arise in numerous organs and from numerous conditions, result in nearly half of deaths in the developed world. Despite this, therapies that target fibrosis at its mechanistic roots are still notably lacking. The ubiquity of the occurrence of fibrosis in myriad organs emphasizes the fact that there are shared mechanisms underlying fibrotic conditions, which may serve as common therapeutic targets for multiple fibrotic diseases of varied organs. Thus, study of the basic science of fibrosis and of anti-fibrotic modalities is critical to therapeutic development and may have potential to translate across organs and disease states. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) is a broadly studied member of the fibroblast growth factors, a family of multipotent cytokines implicated in diverse cellular and tissue processes, which has previously been recognized for its anti-fibrotic potential. However, the mechanisms underlying this potential are not fully understood, nor is the potential for its use to ameliorate fibrosis in diverse pathologies and tissues. Presented here is a review of recent literature that sheds further light on these questions, with the hopes of inspiring further research into the mechanisms underlying the anti-fibrotic activities of FGF-2, as well as the disease conditions for which pharmacologic FGF-2 might be a useful option in the future.
纤维化是一种病理性组织修复过程，用富含胶原蛋白的非功能性瘢痕替代受损的、以前具有功能的组织。纤维化病理的并发症可发生在许多器官和多种情况下，导致发达国家近一半的死亡。尽管如此，针对纤维化的机械根源的治疗方法仍然明显缺乏。纤维化在众多器官中普遍存在，这一事实强调了纤维化疾病存在共同的机制，这些机制可能成为多种不同器官的纤维化疾病的共同治疗靶点。因此，纤维化的基础科学和抗纤维化模式的研究对治疗的发展至关重要，并且可能有可能在器官和疾病状态之间转化。成纤维细胞生长因子 2 (FGF-2) 是成纤维细胞生长因子家族中广泛研究的成员，该家族是多种细胞和组织过程中涉及的多功能细胞因子，其抗纤维化潜力以前已得到认可。然而，其潜在机制尚未完全了解，也不清楚其在改善多种病理和组织纤维化方面的潜在用途。本文综述了最近的文献，进一步阐明了这些问题，希望能激发人们对 FGF-2 的抗纤维化活性的潜在机制以及未来可能成为药物治疗选择的疾病状况的进一步研究。
