Tounsi Sana, Jemli Sonia, Feki Kaouthar, Brini Faiçal, Najib Saïdi Mohamed
Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, B.P "1177" 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology Enzymatic and Biomolecules, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, P.O Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
Protoplasma. 2023 Jan;260(1):145-158. doi: 10.1007/s00709-022-01767-w. Epub 2022 Apr 29.
The SOD family has been extensively analyzed at genome wide level in several crops. However, little is known about this family in durum wheat. In this study, a total of 14 TdSOD genes were identified in whole durum wheat genome including 8 TdCu-ZnSODs, 2 TdMnSODs, and 4 TdFeSODs. In silico analysis evinced that TdSOD family members displayed a closer evolutionary relationship, similar gene structure and protein features with their homologs from other plant species. Furthermore, the analysis of their promoter regions revealed the presence of a great number of cis-regulatory elements related to plant development, abiotic and biotic stresses, phytohormones, and several potential binding sites for transcription factors. Interestingly, 3D structure analysis revealed that TdCu-ZnSOD2A-2 and TdCu-ZnSOD2B-2, belonging to the Cu-Zn group, were modeled as copper chaperone for SOD like their homologs from rice and Arabidopsis. The expression profile of eight TdSOD candidate genes was investigated under salt, drought, cold, and ABA treatments. Notably, TdCu-ZnSOD2A-1, TdFeSOD4A-1, and TdFeSOD7A-1 were significantly up-regulated under all stress treatments. On the other hand, TdCu-ZnSOD7B and TdMnSOD2B were strongly expressed in roots and leaves under cold stress and TdCu-ZnSOD2B-2 was particularly up-regulated in leaves under ABA treatment. Ultimately, these findings provide valuable information for the identification of attractive candidate genes to improve wheat resilience.
超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）家族已在几种作物的全基因组水平上进行了广泛分析。然而，关于硬粒小麦中这个家族的情况却知之甚少。在本研究中，在硬粒小麦全基因组中共鉴定出14个TdSOD基因，其中包括8个TdCu-ZnSOD基因、2个TdMnSOD基因和4个TdFeSOD基因。电子分析表明，TdSOD家族成员与其来自其他植物物种的同源物显示出更密切的进化关系、相似的基因结构和蛋白质特征。此外，对其启动子区域的分析揭示了大量与植物发育、非生物和生物胁迫、植物激素相关的顺式调控元件，以及几个转录因子的潜在结合位点。有趣的是，三维结构分析表明，属于铜锌组的TdCu-ZnSOD2A-2和TdCu-ZnSOD2B-2，与其来自水稻和拟南芥的同源物一样，被模拟为SOD的铜伴侣。研究了8个TdSOD候选基因在盐、干旱、寒冷和脱落酸（ABA）处理下的表达谱。值得注意的是，在所有胁迫处理下，TdCu-ZnSOD2A-1、TdFeSOD4A-1和TdFeSOD7A-1均显著上调。另一方面，TdCu-ZnSOD7B和TdMnSOD2B在寒冷胁迫下在根和叶中强烈表达，而TdCu-ZnSOD2B-2在ABA处理下在叶中尤其上调。最终，这些发现为鉴定有吸引力的候选基因以提高小麦抗逆性提供了有价值的信息。
