Morishita Chihiro, Inoue Takeshi, Honyashiki Mina, Ono Miki, Iwata Yoshio, Tanabe Hajime, Kusumi Ichiro, Masuya Jiro
Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
Biopsychosoc Med. 2022 Apr 28;16(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s13030-022-00240-7.
About 3% to 8% of women of fertile age are thought to have premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), which is regarded as a serious form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), although the details of this common condition remain unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the interrelations of childhood maltreatment, personality traits, and life stress in the etiology of PMS/PMDD.
A total of 240 adult female volunteers from a community in Japan were investigated, using the following 5 questionnaires: Patient Health Quesstionaire-9, Child Abuse and Trauma Scale, Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Life Experiences Survey, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) scale. The questionnaire data were subjected to path analyses to clarify the association between childhood maltreatment and the severity of premenstrual symptoms, mediated by personality traits and life stress.
The 2 path analysis models showed that high harm avoidance (HA) on the TCI and low self-directedness (SD) on the TCI had significant direct effects on the severity of premenstrual symptoms. Moreover, childhood maltreatment was associated with the severity of premenstrual symptoms, both directly and indirectly through personality traits.
Our findings suggest that HA on the TCI might be a risk factor for severe premenstrual symptoms among general women and furthermore that SD on the TCI may be a protective factor. In addition, childhood maltreatment is associated with severe premenstrual symptoms both directly and indirectly through personality traits.
约3%至8%的育龄女性被认为患有经前烦躁障碍（PMDD），这被视为经前综合征（PMS）的一种严重形式，尽管这种常见病症的具体细节仍不清楚。本研究的目的是分析儿童期虐待、人格特质和生活压力在经前综合征/经前烦躁障碍病因中的相互关系。
对来自日本一个社区的240名成年女性志愿者进行了调查，使用了以下5份问卷：患者健康问卷-9、儿童虐待与创伤量表、气质与性格量表（TCI）、生活经历调查和经前烦躁障碍（PMDD）量表。对问卷数据进行路径分析，以阐明儿童期虐待与经前症状严重程度之间的关联，人格特质和生活压力起中介作用。
两个路径分析模型显示，TCI上的高回避伤害（HA）和TCI上的低自我导向（SD）对经前症状的严重程度有显著直接影响。此外，儿童期虐待与经前症状的严重程度直接相关，并且通过人格特质间接相关。
我们的研究结果表明，TCI上的HA可能是一般女性经前症状严重的一个风险因素，此外，TCI上的SD可能是一个保护因素。此外，儿童期虐待通过人格特质与严重的经前症状直接和间接相关。
