Léa Blondelle Kenko Djoumessie, Simplice Foyet Harquin, Hervé Hervé Ngatanko Abaissou, Eglantine Keugong Wado, Roland Rebe Nhouma, Jorelle Linda Damo Kamda, Balbine Kamleu Nkwingwa, Simon Désiré Guedang Nyayi, Guillaume Camdi Woumitna, Alin Ciobica
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
Center of Biomedical Research of the Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, Romania; Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506, Iasi, Romania.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 Jul 15;293:115315. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115315. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuillet is used traditionally in Northern Cameroon to treat memory impairment, anxiety, insomnia and depression.
Investigating the effect of Bombax costatum stem bark aqueous extract (BC) on depression associated with amnesia and vascular disorder, using a chronic mild unpredictable stress (CMUS) model in rats for 30 days.
Sucrose Preference Test (SPT), Forced Swimming Test (FST), corticosteronemia, brain serotonin and dopamine level were evaluated as indices of antidepressant-like effect. The Novel Object Recognition Task (NOR), the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus were also used to verify memory integrity. Oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, the lipid profile and atherogenic index were estimated in blood serum to assess vasoprotective effect. Chlorophenylalanine and haloperidol, were used to delineate the extract's mechanism of action.
CMUS induced a decrease in sucrose preference and swimming time in the SPT and FST respectively while BC (27.5 and 55 mg/kg) increased sucrose preference and swimming time. Increments in these parameters were however reversed by the treatment of rats with chlorophenylalanine a serotonin synthesis inhibitor and haloperidol a D2 receptor antagonist. An increase in blood corticosterone level, prefrontal cortex malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations were reversed by the extract. Moreover, BC increased the time spent in the target quadrant of the MWM test and the discrimination index in the NOR test. This was associated with an increase in hippocampus superoxide dismutase and catalase levels, a decrease in acetylcholine esterase level, total blood cholesterol and atherogenicity index compared to CMUS group.
Thirty days CMUS induces a depressive state in rats. BC reverses this condition when administered alongside stress exposure. This antidepressive effect is associated with antiamnesic, antioxidant and vasoprotective actions, suggesting its use as a potential candidate in the management of major depressive disorder.
在喀麦隆北部，人们传统上使用锦葵科吉贝属植物（Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuillet）来治疗记忆障碍、焦虑、失眠和抑郁症。
采用大鼠慢性轻度不可预测应激（CMUS）模型，连续30天研究锦葵科吉贝属植物茎皮水提取物（BC）对与失忆和血管紊乱相关的抑郁症的影响。
采用蔗糖偏好试验（SPT）、强迫游泳试验（FST）、皮质酮血症、脑血清素和多巴胺水平作为抗抑郁样作用的指标进行评估。新颖物体识别任务（NOR）、莫里斯水迷宫（MWM）以及海马中的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性也用于验证记忆完整性。测定血清中的氧化和亚硝化应激标志物、血脂谱和动脉粥样硬化指数，以评估血管保护作用。使用对氯苯丙氨酸和氟哌啶醇来阐明提取物的作用机制。
CMUS分别导致SPT和FST中的蔗糖偏好和游泳时间减少，而BC（27.5和55mg/kg）增加了蔗糖偏好和游泳时间。然而，用血清素合成抑制剂对氯苯丙氨酸和D2受体拮抗剂氟哌啶醇处理大鼠后，这些参数的增加被逆转。提取物逆转了血液皮质酮水平、前额叶皮质丙二醛和一氧化氮浓度的增加。此外，BC增加了MWM试验中目标象限的停留时间和NOR试验中的辨别指数。与CMUS组相比，这与海马超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶水平的增加、乙酰胆碱酯酶水平、总血胆固醇和动脉粥样硬化指数的降低有关。
连续30天的CMUS可诱导大鼠出现抑郁状态。在应激暴露的同时给予BC可逆转这种情况。这种抗抑郁作用与抗失忆、抗氧化和血管保护作用有关，表明其可作为治疗重度抑郁症的潜在候选药物。
