喉气管狭窄：机制综述。

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this review article is to summarize the existing literature surrounding wound healing mechanisms in laryngotracheal stenosis. METHODS: A review of general wound healing pathophysiology, followed by a focused review of iatrogenic laryngotracheal stenosis (iLTS) and idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) as conditions of aberrant wound healing. RESULTS: iLTS is the scarring of the laryngotracheal complex, coming secondary to injury from prolonged intubation. iSGS is a chronic fibroinflammatory scarring and narrowing of the subglottic airway in the absence of any obvious preceding injury or trauma. They are both thought to result from a prolonged and dysregulated wound healing response that promotes the deposition of pathologic scar in the airway. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the mechanisms that underlie wound healing will help identify and intervene on the process early in its development and discover future therapies that target individual wound healing mechanisms limiting the incidence of this recalcitrant disease process.

背景：本文旨在总结有关喉气管狭窄愈合机制的现有文献。

方法：首先回顾一般的伤口愈合病理生理学，然后重点回顾医源性喉气管狭窄（iLTS）和特发性声门下狭窄（iSGS）作为异常伤口愈合的情况。

结果：iLTS 是喉气管复合体的瘢痕形成，继发于长时间插管引起的损伤。iSGS 是一种慢性纤维炎症性瘢痕形成和声门下气道狭窄，没有明显的先前损伤或创伤。它们都被认为是由于延长和失调的伤口愈合反应促进了气道中病理性瘢痕的沉积。

结论：了解伤口愈合的机制将有助于在其发展的早期识别和干预该过程，并发现针对个别伤口愈合机制的未来疗法，从而限制这种难治性疾病过程的发生率。