GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT) Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Appl Ergon. 2022 Sep;103:103784. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103784. Epub 2022 Apr 27.
This study aimed to determine the interactive physiological effect of backpack load carriage and slope during walking in professional mountain rescuers. Sixteen mountain rescuers walked on a treadmill at 3.6 km/h for 5 min in each combination of three slopes (1%, 10%, 20%) and five backpack loads (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% body weight). Relative heart rate (%HRmax), relative oxygen consumption (%VOmax), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE, Borg 1-10 scale) were compared across conditions using two-way ANOVA. Significant differences in %VOmax, %HRmax, and RPE across slopes and loads were found where burden increased directly with slope and load (main effect of slope, p < 0.001 for all; main effect of load, p < 0.001 for all). Additionally, significant slope by load interactions were found for all parameters, indicating an additive effect (p < 0.001 for all). Mountain rescuers should consider the physiological interaction between slope and load when determining safe occupational walking capacity.
本研究旨在确定在专业山地救援人员行走过程中背包负荷和坡度的交互生理效应。16 名山地救援人员在跑步机上以 3.6km/h 的速度行走 5 分钟，每种坡度（1%、10%、20%）和 5 种背包负荷（0%、10%、20%、30%和 40%体重）组合各进行一次。使用双向 ANOVA 比较了不同条件下相对心率（%HRmax）、相对耗氧量（%VOmax）和感知用力（Borg 1-10 量表，RPE）。结果显示，随着坡度和负荷的增加，%VOmax、%HRmax 和 RPE 在坡度和负荷之间存在显著差异（坡度的主要影响，p<0.001；负荷的主要影响，p<0.001）。此外，所有参数均发现坡度与负荷之间存在显著的交互作用，表明存在累加效应（p<0.001）。当确定安全的职业行走能力时，山地救援人员应考虑坡度和负荷之间的生理相互作用。
