College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Office of Health Promotion, Beijing Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Beijing, 100013, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Aug 1;306:119351. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119351. Epub 2022 Apr 27.
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), and their derivatives are frequently used in food packaging materials. Some toxicological studies have shown that the endocrine-disrupting activities of these compounds are similar to or higher than those of bisphenol A (BPA), which may also adversely affect the growth and development of children and adolescents. Here, we investigated nine bisphenol-diglycidyl ethers (BDGEs) in 181 paired urine and serum samples from children and adolescents from Beijing to determine their partitioning, clearance and exposure levels. The results showed that nine BDGEs were detected in 181 urine and serum samples from children and adolescents from Beijing. Bisphenol A bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·2HO) was the primary pollutant. The daily intake of ∑BDGEs was 15.217 ng/kg bw/day among children and adolescents in Beijing. The ranking of BDGEs in terms of renal clearance rate (CL) in this study population was BADGE > BADGE·2HO > BFDGE > bisphenol F bis(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BFDGE·2HCl) > bisphenol A (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·HCl·HO). In addition, the serum and urine ratios (S/U ratios) of BFDGE·2HCl, BADGE·2HO, BFDGE, BADGE, and BADGE·HCl·HO were higher than 1, indicating that these contaminants have a higher enrichment capacity in human blood. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the partitioning and renal clearance rate of BDGEs in paired urine and serum samples from children and adolescents.
双酚 A 二缩水甘油醚（BADGE）、双酚 F 二缩水甘油醚（BFDGE）及其衍生物常用于食品包装材料。一些毒理学研究表明，这些化合物的内分泌干扰活性与双酚 A（BPA）相似或更高，这可能也会对儿童和青少年的生长发育产生不利影响。在这里，我们研究了来自北京的 181 对儿童和青少年尿液和血清样本中的 9 种双酚二缩水甘油醚（BDGE），以确定它们的分配、清除和暴露水平。结果表明，9 种 BDGE 均存在于来自北京的 181 例儿童和青少年的尿液和血清样本中。双酚 A 双（2,3-二羟丙基）缩水甘油醚（BADGE·2HO）是主要污染物。北京儿童和青少年的∑BDGE 日摄入量为 15.217ng/kg bw/day。在本研究人群中，BDGE 的肾清除率（CL）排序为 BADGE＞BADGE·2HO＞BFDGE＞双酚 F 双（3-氯-2-羟丙基）缩水甘油醚（BFDGE·2HCl）＞双酚 A（3-氯-2-羟丙基）（2,3-二羟丙基）缩水甘油醚（BADGE·HCl·HO）。此外，BFDGE·2HCl、BADGE·2HO、BFDGE、BADGE 和 BADGE·HCl·HO 的血清与尿液比值（S/U 比值）均大于 1，表明这些污染物在人血中有更高的富集能力。据我们所知，这是首例关于儿童和青少年尿液和血清样本中 BDGE 分配和肾清除率的研究。
