Qiu Yang-Xin, Xie Yan-Zhao, Wang Shao-Fei, Zhang Pu-Qing, Zhou Tong, Zhang Lan-Qi, Yang Yu, Gao Ming-Xiang, Zhang Hong-Ye
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2022 Apr 1;93(4):044705. doi: 10.1063/5.0085894.
In this paper, a high-power ultra-wideband radiation system, composed of multiply radiation modules, is developed based on the space-synthesis method. The radiation module mainly consists of a transistorized pulser, a 2 × 2 combined antenna array, and a power divider. To improve the out parameters [the amplitude, the pulse repetition frequency (PRF), and the rise time] of the transistorized pulser based on the Marx circuit, the influence of the traveling wave process on the output pulse must be concerned. Based on the theoretical analysis, the printed circuit board circuit parameters and the circuit structure of the pulser are optimized. To improve the power synthesis efficiency, the pulse jitter characteristic of the pulser is improved by replacing the conventional base triggering mode with the collector voltage ramp triggering mode for the first-stage avalanche transistor in the pulser. The previous optimized antenna array is utilized in this radiation system, which has a better radiation performance in the prescribed aperture area. In addition, based on the gradient microstrip structure, the power divider integrated with the pulser is designed, which has the advantages of wide bandwidth, low loss, and light weight. Experimental results show that the peak effective potential rE of the radiation system of 20 radiation modules is 221.8 kV, the maximum PRF could reach 10 kHz, and the half-power radiation angles of its radiation field are about 5° in both the E plane and the H plane. More radiation modules could be integrated into the system to achieve a higher electric field in the future.
本文基于空间合成法研制了一种由多个辐射模块组成的高功率超宽带辐射系统。辐射模块主要由晶体管脉冲发生器、2×2组合天线阵列和功率分配器组成。为了改善基于马克思电路的晶体管脉冲发生器的输出参数（幅度、脉冲重复频率（PRF）和上升时间），必须考虑行波过程对输出脉冲的影响。基于理论分析，对脉冲发生器的印刷电路板电路参数和电路结构进行了优化。为了提高功率合成效率，通过将脉冲发生器中第一级雪崩晶体管的传统基极触发模式替换为集电极电压斜坡触发模式，改善了脉冲发生器的脉冲抖动特性。该辐射系统采用了先前优化的天线阵列，在规定的孔径区域内具有较好的辐射性能。此外，基于渐变微带结构，设计了与脉冲发生器集成的功率分配器，具有带宽宽、损耗低、重量轻的优点。实验结果表明，20个辐射模块的辐射系统的峰值有效电位rE为221.8 kV，最大PRF可达10 kHz，其辐射场在E平面和H平面的半功率辐射角约为5°。未来可以将更多的辐射模块集成到系统中以获得更高的电场。
