DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN, USA.
Substance Use and Mental Health Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
J Osteopath Med. 2022 May 5;122(9):453-459. doi: 10.1515/jom-2022-0011. eCollection 2022 Sep 1.
The most common skeletal disease, osteoporosis, causes bone fragility due to decreased bone mass and bone microarchitecture destruction. The health belief model is often applied to asymptomatic, prevention-related diseases such as osteoporosis. Steps to mitigate the insidious nature of osteoporosis, including education, motivation, and monitoring of bone mineral density, must begin at an earlier age.
This study evaluates the knowledge and health beliefs surrounding osteoporosis in a population of males and females 35-50 years old to determine sex-based differences in osteoporosis knowledge and beliefs and to assess the correlation between perceptions and health motivation.
Participants (81 males, 92 females) completed two questionnaires: the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test and the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale. Descriptive statistics were performed along with Pearson product-moment correlation analysis to determine the relationships between the variables. Sex-based differences were calculated utilizing independent -tests.
We discovered a statistically significant negative correlation between the barriers to exercise and health motivation (-0.434, p < 0.001) and a statistically significant positive correlation between the benefits of exercise and health motivation (0.385, p < 0.001). However, there was not a statistically significant correlation between health motivation with the following: the benefits of calcium, susceptibility, and the seriousness of osteoporosis. Between males and females, there was a statistically significant difference in exercise and calcium knowledge, susceptibility, and the benefits of both exercise and calcium (p < 0.05).
Males and females 35-50 years old perceive themselves to have a low susceptibility to osteoporosis. They do not consider osteoporosis a serious disease and have little motivation to mitigate its inception or progression. Their perceptions show that barriers to exercise impact health motivation more than the perceived benefits of exercise.
最常见的骨骼疾病骨质疏松症会导致骨脆性增加，原因是骨量减少和骨微观结构破坏。健康信念模型常用于无症状的、与预防相关的疾病，如骨质疏松症。为了减轻骨质疏松症的潜在危害，包括教育、激励和监测骨密度，必须在更早的年龄段开始采取措施。
本研究评估了 35-50 岁男性和女性人群中与骨质疏松症相关的知识和健康信念，以确定骨质疏松症知识和信念方面的性别差异，并评估感知与健康动机之间的相关性。
参与者（81 名男性，92 名女性）完成了两份问卷：骨质疏松症知识测试和骨质疏松症健康信念量表。采用描述性统计和皮尔逊积矩相关分析来确定变量之间的关系。利用独立样本 t 检验计算了基于性别的差异。
我们发现，运动障碍与健康动机之间存在统计学上显著的负相关（-0.434，p<0.001），运动益处与健康动机之间存在统计学上显著的正相关（0.385，p<0.001）。然而，健康动机与钙的益处、易感性和骨质疏松症的严重程度之间没有统计学上的相关性。在男性和女性之间，运动和钙知识、易感性以及运动和钙的益处存在统计学上的显著差异（p<0.05）。
35-50 岁的男性和女性认为自己骨质疏松症的易感性较低。他们不认为骨质疏松症是一种严重的疾病，也没有多少动力来减轻其发生或进展。他们的认知表明，运动障碍对健康动机的影响大于运动益处的感知。
