Reprograming Tumor Activity and Associated Microenvironment (RYTME), Bordeaux Institute of Oncology (BRIC)-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1312 Inserm, Pessac, France.
Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.
Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 13;13:850856. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850856. eCollection 2022.
A fundamental concern of the majority of cancer scientists is related to the identification of mechanisms involved in the evolution of neoplastic cells at the cellular and molecular level and how these processes are able to control cancer cells appearance and death. In addition to the genome contribution, such mechanisms involve reciprocal interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Indeed, tumor cells survival and growth rely on dynamic properties controlling pro and anti-tumorigenic processes. The anti-tumorigenic function of the TME is mainly regulated by immune cells such as dendritic cells, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and macrophages and normal fibroblasts. The pro-tumorigenic function is also mediated by other immune cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, M2-tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells, as well as carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), adipocytes (CAA) and endothelial cells. Several of these cells can show both, pro- and antitumorigenic activity. Here we highlight the importance of the reciprocal interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells in the self-centered behavior of cancer cells and how these complex cellular interactions control tumor progression and repression.
大多数癌症科学家关注的一个基本问题是确定肿瘤细胞在细胞和分子水平上发生癌变的机制，以及这些过程如何能够控制癌细胞的出现和死亡。除了基因组的贡献外，这些机制还涉及肿瘤微环境（TME）中肿瘤细胞与基质细胞之间的相互作用。事实上，肿瘤细胞的存活和生长依赖于控制促癌和抗癌过程的动态特性。TME 的抗癌功能主要由免疫细胞如树突状细胞、自然杀伤细胞、细胞毒性 T 细胞和巨噬细胞以及正常成纤维细胞调节。促癌功能也由其他免疫细胞如髓源性抑制细胞、M2 肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）和调节性 T（Treg）细胞以及癌相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）、脂肪细胞（CAA）和内皮细胞介导。其中一些细胞可以表现出促癌和抗癌活性。在这里，我们强调了肿瘤细胞与基质细胞之间相互作用在癌细胞自我中心行为中的重要性，以及这些复杂的细胞相互作用如何控制肿瘤的进展和抑制。
