Exploring the impact of calcination parameters on the crystal structure, morphology, and optical properties of electrospun FeTiO nanofibers.

Nanostructured FeTiO (pseudobrookite), a mixed metal oxide material holds significant promise for utilization in energy and environmental applications. However, its full application is still hindered due to the difficulty to synthesize monophasic FeTiO with high crystallinity and a large specific surface area. Herein, FeTiO nanofibers were synthesized a versatile and low-cost electrospinning method, followed by a calcination process at different temperatures. We found a significant effect of the calcination process and its duration on the crystalline phase in the form of either pseudobrookite or pseudobrookite-hematite-rutile and the morphology of calcined nanofibers. The crystallite size increased whereas the specific surface area decreased with an increase in calcination temperature. At higher temperatures, the growth of FeTiO nanoparticles and simultaneous coalescence of small particles was noted. The highest specific surface area was obtained for the sample calcined at 500 °C for 6 h ( = 64.4 m g). This work opens new opportunities in the synthesis of FeTiO nanostructures using the electrospinning method and a subsequent optimized calcination process for energy-related applications.