Das Biranchi N, Mohandas Anu, Killi Bhavani
Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Department of Intern, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Mar;11(3):1006-1011. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1133_21. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
Domestic violence (DV) is a public health problem with an estimated global prevalence of 35%. The prevalence rate of spousal domestic violence in Telangana is 36.4% which is higher than the national average of 25.3%. Despite being a punishable offense, DV is still on the rise in India. Hence, there is need to assess its extent and determining factors for planning of remedial measures.
To estimate the prevalence of domestic violence and its associated factors among married women of an urban slum in Telangana.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 18- to 45-year-old married women in urban slums of Telangana. The sample size was 200. Multistage random sampling was done. Data collection was done using questionnaire with information regarding socio-demographic details, types of domestic violence, help-seeking behaviours, awareness, and outcome. The victims were directed towards medical and legal help, and further counselling. Descriptive analysis was done to find proportion of domestic violence. The associated factors were found using Chi-square test and logistic regression.
Domestic violence was reported by 70.5% of the study participants. Physical abuse (67%) was the main offense followed by emotional abuse (38.5%). Though 89% of women were aware of domestic violence being punishable by law, only 9.5% of women sought help. Woman's older age (COR = 2.015, 95% CI: 1.088-3.733, = 0.026), illiteracy (COR = 2.181,95% CI: 1.097-4.3381, = 0.026), longer married life (COR = 1.961, 95% CI: 1.008-3.815, = 0.047), husband's early exposure to abuse (COR = 4.439, 95% CI: 1-19.705, = 0.034) and alcohol intake (COR: 1.995, 95% CI: 1.038-3.838, = 0.037) were found to be significant factors in the bivariate analysis. Husband's exposure to abuse in childhood (AOR = 5.326, 95% CI: 1.163-24.400, = 0.031) and alcohol intake (AOR = 2.206, 95% CI: 1.109-4.389, = 0.024) were found to be independent predictors.
Domestic violence is highly prevalent in urban slums of south India. A woman's age, education, duration of marriage, husband's early exposure to abuse, and alcohol intake are determining factors. Awareness programs need to be conducted regarding helplines, medical and legal aspects. All domestic violence cases should be registered, and social, psychological and legal support be provided to the victim.
家庭暴力是一个公共卫生问题，据估计全球患病率为35%。特伦甘纳邦配偶间家庭暴力的患病率为36.4%，高于全国平均水平25.3%。尽管家庭暴力是应受惩罚的罪行，但在印度仍呈上升趋势。因此，有必要评估其程度及决定因素，以便规划补救措施。
估计特伦甘纳邦一个城市贫民窟已婚妇女中家庭暴力的患病率及其相关因素。
在特伦甘纳邦城市贫民窟18至45岁的已婚妇女中开展了一项横断面研究。样本量为200。采用多阶段随机抽样。使用问卷收集数据，内容包括社会人口学细节、家庭暴力类型、求助行为、认知情况及结果。引导受害者寻求医疗和法律帮助以及进一步的咨询。进行描述性分析以确定家庭暴力的比例。使用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析相关因素。
70.5%的研究参与者报告遭受过家庭暴力。身体虐待（67%）是主要罪行，其次是情感虐待（38.5%）。尽管89%的女性知道家庭暴力是违法应受惩罚的，但只有9.5%的女性寻求过帮助。在双变量分析中，发现女性年龄较大（校正比值比[COR]=2.015，95%置信区间[CI]：1.088 - 3.733，P = 0.026）、文盲（COR = 2.181，95% CI：1.097 - 4.3381，P = 0.026）、婚姻生活较长（COR = 1.961，95% CI：1.008 - 3.815，P = 0.047）、丈夫早年遭受过虐待（COR = 4.439，95% CI：1 - 19.705，P = 0.034）和饮酒（COR：1.995，95% CI：1.038 - 3.838，P = 0.037）是重要因素。丈夫童年时期遭受过虐待（调整后比值比[AOR]=5.326，95% CI：1.163 - 24.400，P = 0.031）和饮酒（AOR = 2.206，95% CI：1.109 - 4.389，P = 0.024）被发现是独立预测因素。
家庭暴力在印度南部城市贫民窟中非常普遍。女性的年龄、教育程度、婚姻持续时间、丈夫早年遭受的虐待以及饮酒情况是决定因素。需要开展关于求助热线、医疗和法律方面的宣传项目。所有家庭暴力案件都应进行登记，并为受害者提供社会、心理和法律支持。
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