Lytton B, Weiss R M, Green D F
J Urol. 1987 Apr;137(4):649-53. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)44165-6.
Use of the rigid ureterorenoscope has become widely accepted for the diagnosis of ureteral lesions, and for the removal and disintegration of ureteral calculi. Few complications have been reported. During the last 3 years 128 ureteroscopic procedures were performed for a variety of indications (98 for stone disease). There were 26 complications: 22 minor with no morbidity and 4 major that required surgical correction. Minor complications consisted of asymptomatic ureteral perforations in 6 patients, perforations with urinary extravasation, pain, ileus or fever in 4, migration of the stone into the kidney in 10 and migration of the stone outside the ureter with the calculus left in situ in 2. Major complications included ureteral perforation during basket extraction of an upper ureteral stone, urinoma following perforation and requiring drainage, stenosis of the intramural ureter that was corrected by marsupialization and aseptic necrosis of the ureter that was treated by ileal replacement.
硬性输尿管肾镜已被广泛应用于输尿管病变的诊断以及输尿管结石的取出和粉碎。据报道，其并发症较少。在过去3年中，共进行了128例输尿管镜手术，适应证多样（98例为结石病）。出现了26例并发症：22例为轻微并发症，无明显发病情况，4例为严重并发症，需要手术矫正。轻微并发症包括6例无症状性输尿管穿孔、4例伴有尿外渗、疼痛、肠梗阻或发热的穿孔、10例结石移入肾脏以及2例结石移出输尿管但结石仍留在原位。严重并发症包括在使用网篮取出上段输尿管结石时发生输尿管穿孔、穿孔后形成尿囊肿并需要引流、通过袋形缝合矫正壁内段输尿管狭窄以及用回肠替代治疗输尿管无菌性坏死。
