School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2022 May 2;22(1):240. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03289-z.
The aim of this study was to assess the associations of body fat distribution and lean body mass (LBM) with blood pressure (BP) in normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents.
A total of 898 normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents, aged 10-18 years, were included this cross-sectional study via a cluster sampling method. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to measure body composition. The participants were measured for blood pressure (BP) using a calibrated electronic sphygmomanometer according to the standard method by the "American Hypertension Education Project Working Group".
Body composition was related to abnormal BP in normal-weight children and adolescents. After the model adjusted for age, smoking, and drinking, regression analysis showed that fat mass percentage (FMP) was negatively associated with abnormal BP, while LBM was positively associated with abnormal BP in boys(P < 0.05). Whereas FMP and visceral fat level (VFL) were positively associated with abnormal BP in girls (P < 0.05).
There are sex differences in the relationships between total body fat, visceral fat and lean body mass with abnormal BP in normal-weight youths. Therefore, it is of great significance to pay attention to the relative influence of the body composition of the boys and girls in the prevention and treatment of hypertension in youths.
本研究旨在评估正常体重的中国儿童和青少年的体脂分布和瘦体重（LBM）与血压（BP）的相关性。
采用整群抽样方法，共纳入 898 名年龄在 10-18 岁的正常体重中国儿童和青少年进行横断面研究。采用生物电阻抗分析（BIA）测量体成分。使用经过校准的电子血压计按照“美国高血压教育计划工作组”的标准方法测量血压（BP）。
体成分与正常体重儿童和青少年的异常血压有关。在调整年龄、吸烟和饮酒因素的模型中，回归分析显示，脂肪百分比（FMP）与异常血压呈负相关，而 LBM 与男孩的异常血压呈正相关（P<0.05）。而 FMP 和内脏脂肪水平（VFL）与女孩的异常血压呈正相关（P<0.05）。
在正常体重的青少年中，总体脂、内脏脂肪和瘦体重与异常血压之间的关系存在性别差异。因此，在预防和治疗青少年高血压时，关注男孩和女孩的身体成分的相对影响具有重要意义。
