Alteration in pattern reversal visual evoked potential in pediatric population with amblyopia and spherical refractive errors.

PURPOSE

To study the effect of refractive errors on pattern visual evoked potential (VEP) recordings in the pediatric population.

METHODS

This cross-sectional observational study assessed 240 eyes of 120 participants attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care center in North India. Participants were between 8 and 18 years of age; 30 participants each were recruited into four groups, namely emmetropia, myopia, hypermetropia, and amblyopia. They were then subjected to pattern reversal VEP, with P-100 amplitude and latency recorded for each participant.

RESULTS

The emmetropic group in this study provided normal values of P-100 parameters, namely P-100 latency and P-100 amplitude with readings of 115.78 ± 10.19 ms and 11.11 ± 4.08 μV, respectively. P-100 amplitude was significant compared to P-100 latency in detecting the presence or absence of a specific type of refractive error. It was found that there was a significant association between severity of myopia and P-100 latency (both unaided and aided) with P < 0.05. The severity of hypermetropia showed a significant association with P-100 amplitude (unaided) (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristics analysis revealed P-100 amplitude to be a good predictor of refractive error and the cut-offs were calculated.

CONCLUSION

The P-100 parameters of the pediatric Indian population were comparatively higher than conventional values. P-100 latency seemed to better correlate with myopia, while hypermetropia correlated with P-100 amplitude. P-100 amplitude appears to be the most significant predictor of the presence of refractive error in an individual.