From the Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO (Provencher, Bernholt, Peebles, and Millett), and The Steadman Clinic, Vail, CO (Provencher and Millett).
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2022 Aug 15;30(16):e1076-e1083. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-19-00611. Epub 2022 May 2.
Chronic instability or degenerative arthritis of the sternoclavicular (SC) joint may occur after traumatic or spontaneous dislocation of the SC joint. Most commonly, chronic instability of the SC joint occurs anteriorly; however, posterior instability has an increased risk of serious complications because of proximity to mediastinal structures. Although chronic anterior instability of the SC joint does not resolve with nonsurgical treatment, patients often have mild symptoms that do not impair activities of daily living; however, chronic anterior SC joint instability may be functionally limiting in more active individuals. In these cases, surgical treatment with either (1) SC joint reconstruction or (2) medial clavicle resection, or both, can be done. Recurrent posterior instability of the SC joint also requires surgical treatment due to risk of injury to mediastinal structures. Recent literature describes various reconstruction techniques which generally show improved patient-reported outcomes and low complication rates.
胸锁关节（SC）慢性不稳定或退行性关节炎可发生于创伤性或自发性 SC 关节脱位后。最常见的是 SC 关节前向慢性不稳定；然而，由于靠近纵隔结构，后向不稳定有发生严重并发症的风险。虽然 SC 关节慢性前向不稳定经非手术治疗不能缓解，但患者常出现不影响日常生活活动的轻度症状；然而，SC 关节慢性前向不稳定可能在活动较多的个体中存在功能限制。在这些情况下，可以采用（1）SC 关节重建或（2）锁骨内侧切除术，或两者兼施的手术治疗。SC 关节反复后向不稳定也需要手术治疗，因为有损伤纵隔结构的风险。近期文献描述了各种重建技术，这些技术通常显示出改善的患者报告结果和较低的并发症发生率。
