Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Pediatrics. 2022 May 1;149(Suppl 5). doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-053852G.
Previous reviews of mental health interventions have focused on adolescents (10-19 years), with a paucity of comprehensive evidence syntheses on preventive interventions for school-aged children (5-10 years).
To summarize and synthesize the available evidence from systematic reviews of mental health and positive development interventions for children aged 5-14.9 years in both high-income (HIC) and low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), with a focus on preventive and promotive strategies.
This overview includes all relevant reviews from OVID Medline, The Cochrane Library, and Campbell Systematic Reviews through December 2020.
We included systematic reviews that synthesized empirical studies using experimental or quasi-experimental designs to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in children aged 5-14.9 years.
Data extraction and quality assessment were completed independently and in duplicate by two review authors. The AMSTAR2 tool was used to assess methodological quality.
We included 162 reviews. The greatest evidence was found in support of school-based universal and anti-bullying interventions in predominantly HIC. Moderate evidence was found for the use of substance abuse prevention, and early learning and positive development interventions in mixed settings. In LMIC-only contexts, the most promising evidence was found for positive youth development programs.
The review was primarily limited by paucity of high-quality research due to methodological issues and high heterogeneity.
This overview of reviews highlights the need for further research to consolidate findings and understand the specific criteria involved in creating positive mental health and development outcomes from the various interventions considered.
先前对心理健康干预措施的综述主要集中在青少年（10-19 岁），而对于面向学龄儿童（5-10 岁）的预防干预措施，综合证据则相对较少。
总结和综合来自针对 5-14.9 岁儿童的心理健康和积极发展干预措施的系统综述的现有证据，这些综述来自高收入国家（HIC）和中低收入国家（LMIC），重点关注预防和促进策略。
本综述包括通过 OVID Medline、The Cochrane Library 和 Campbell 系统评价数据库，从 2020 年 12 月前获取的所有相关综述。
我们纳入了使用实验或准实验设计综合实证研究的系统综述，以评估干预措施对 5-14.9 岁儿童的有效性。
两名综述作者独立且重复地进行数据提取和质量评估。使用 AMSTAR2 工具评估方法学质量。
我们纳入了 162 篇综述。在以 HIC 为主的环境中，发现了最多的证据支持基于学校的普遍和反欺凌干预措施。在混合环境中，发现了使用药物滥用预防、早期学习和积极发展干预措施的中等证据。在仅为 LMIC 的环境中，发现了最有前途的证据是积极的青年发展计划。
由于方法学问题和高度异质性，该综述主要受到高质量研究匮乏的限制。
本综述强调需要进一步研究，以整合发现并理解从所考虑的各种干预措施中创造积极的心理健康和发展结果所涉及的具体标准。
