Rodriguez W J, Kim H W, Brandt C D, Fink R J, Getson P R, Arrobio J, Murphy T M, McCarthy V, Parrott R H
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1987 Feb;6(2):159-63. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198702000-00004.
Thirty children 1 to 33 months of age were enrolled in a study of aerosolized ribavirin therapy for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract illness. Twenty patients received ribavirin and 10 received placebo. There were no significant differences between the groups in chronologic or gestational age or in days of illness prior to admission. Among patients with pneumonia 17% of 6 placebo patients vs. 64% of 11 ribavirin patients had radiographic evidence that multiple lung lobes were affected (P = 0.06). Placebo patients received 42.5 to 94.7 hours (mean, 58.6) of aerosol therapy, whereas ribavirin patients received 36.3 to 95.6 hours (mean, 55.7). Seventy-seven percent of all study patients were discharged within 5 days of starting treatment. Severity of illness was evaluated daily using a scale of 0 (normal) to 4+ (most severe). Ribavirin patients initially had a mean severity score 0.5 higher than placebo patients. By Day 2, their rate of improvement was significantly greater than that of placebo patients (P = 0.001). By Day 5, 36% of ribavirin patients with rales showed improvement, whereas rales persisted in 100% of placebo patients. The rate of improvement of oxygen saturation from first to last day of treatment was statistically significant only for ribavirin patients (P = 0.02). On Day 3, 65% of ribavirin patients (13) vs. 50% (5) placebo patients shed 10(-0.5) 50% tissue culture infective dose virus per 0.2 ml of nasal wash. No side effects or toxicity were associated with aerosol therapy. A short course of ribavirin treatment (approximately 3 days) proved safe and beneficial.
30名年龄在1至33个月的儿童参与了一项关于雾化利巴韦林治疗呼吸道合胞病毒下呼吸道疾病的研究。20名患者接受了利巴韦林治疗，10名患者接受了安慰剂治疗。两组患者在实际年龄、胎龄或入院前患病天数方面没有显著差异。在患有肺炎的患者中，6名接受安慰剂治疗的患者中有17%，而11名接受利巴韦林治疗的患者中有64%有影像学证据显示多个肺叶受到影响（P = 0.06）。接受安慰剂治疗的患者接受了42.5至94.7小时（平均58.6小时）的雾化治疗，而接受利巴韦林治疗的患者接受了36.3至95.6小时（平均55.7小时）的雾化治疗。所有研究患者中有77%在开始治疗后的5天内出院。每天使用0（正常）至4+（最严重）的量表评估疾病严重程度。利巴韦林治疗组患者最初的平均严重程度评分比安慰剂治疗组患者高0.5。到第2天，他们的改善速度明显快于安慰剂治疗组患者（P = 0.001）。到第5天，有啰音的利巴韦林治疗组患者中有36%病情好转，而安慰剂治疗组患者中有100%仍有啰音。仅利巴韦林治疗组患者从治疗第一天到最后一天的血氧饱和度改善率具有统计学意义（P = 0.02）。在第3天，接受利巴韦林治疗的患者中有65%（13人），而接受安慰剂治疗的患者中有50%（5人）每0.2毫升鼻腔冲洗液中排出10^(-0.5) 50%组织培养感染剂量的病毒。雾化治疗未出现副作用或毒性反应。短疗程的利巴韦林治疗（约3天）被证明是安全且有益的。
