Department of Education and Human Services, College of Education, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2022 Jul;51(5):2679-2688. doi: 10.1007/s10508-021-02193-4. Epub 2022 May 4.
People who use crack cocaine (PWUCC) are a population severely impacted by a concentrated epidemic of HIV. Behavioral interventions to prevent and treat HIV among PWUCC have been implemented around the world including in low- and middle-income countries which have been disproportionately affected by HIV. However, few studies have validated and assessed psychometric properties of measures on PWUCC, especially in transnational populations. Our sample was comprised of 1324 PWUCC, Spanish mono-lingual speakers, residing in the metropolitan area of San Salvador, El Salvador. Exploratory factor analysis and subsequent confirmatory factor analysis using statistical softwares SPSS and Amos were conducted on three abbreviated and translated condom use attitude measures (i.e., Condom Use Attitudes Scale-Spanish Short Form, Condom Use Social Norm-Spanish Short Form [CUSN-SSF], Condom Use Self-Efficacy-Spanish Short Form). Convergent validity was examined by computing bivariate correlations between the scales and condom use and sexually transmitted disease diagnosis. Results indicated that a two-factor, 8-item correlated model for the CUAS-SSF scale had an excellent fit and adequate reliability (α = .76). The confirmatory factor analysis for the 5-item CUSN-SSF scale indicated a satisfactory fit with 3 of 6 fit indices indicating adequate fit. Analysis of the two-factor 5-item CUSE-SSF scale indicated satisfactory fit and adequate reliability (α = .84). There were significant correlations between all measures and with self-reported condom use. Results indicate that these brief measures are reliable and valid and can be utilized to assess the effectiveness of HIV risk reduction interventions among Spanish-speaking PWUCC.
使用快克可卡因的人（PWUCC）是受到 HIV 集中流行严重影响的人群。在全球范围内，包括受 HIV 影响不成比例的低收入和中等收入国家，已经实施了预防和治疗 PWUCC 艾滋病毒的行为干预措施。然而，很少有研究验证和评估针对 PWUCC 的措施的心理测量学特性，特别是在跨国人群中。我们的样本由 1324 名居住在萨尔瓦多圣萨尔瓦多大都市区的讲西班牙语的单语者 PWUCC 组成。使用 SPSS 和 Amos 统计软件对三个缩写和翻译的 condom 使用态度措施（即 condom 使用态度量表-西班牙语短格式、 condom 使用社会规范-西班牙语短格式 [CUSN-SSF]、 condom 使用自我效能-西班牙语短格式）进行了探索性因素分析和后续验证性因素分析。通过计算量表与 condom 使用和性传播疾病诊断之间的二元相关，检验了聚合效度。结果表明，CUAS-SSF 量表的两因素 8 项相关模型具有极好的拟合度和足够的可靠性（α=0.76）。5 项 CUSN-SSF 量表的验证性因素分析表明，有 3 项拟合指标表明拟合度适中，拟合度令人满意。两因素 5 项 CUSE-SSF 量表的分析表明拟合度和可靠性适中（α=0.84）。所有措施与自我报告的 condom 使用之间存在显著相关性。结果表明，这些简短的措施是可靠和有效的，可以用来评估针对讲西班牙语的 PWUCC 的 HIV 风险降低干预措施的效果。
