Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Dent Med Probl. 2022 Apr-Jun;59(2):233-240. doi: 10.17219/dmp/143252.
The sweet taste and bitter taste genes are thought to have an influence on obesity and caries, which are chronic diseases.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the polymorphisms of TAS2R38 (the bitter taste gene) and TAS1R2 (the sweet taste gene), which are the most important members of the taste gene family, on the dental status of obese and normal-weight children.
The study included 78 healthy children and 100 children diagnosed with obesity (5-16 years old). The anthropometric measurements and dental status of the children were evaluated. The decayed, missing and filled permanent/primary teeth (DMFT/dmft) index was determined using the standard methods recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Blood samples were collected from all subjects and were analyzed via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, with the use of specific primers for the genetic analysis. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TAS2R38 and TAS1R2 genes were investigated. The truncated Poisson and truncated negative binomial modeling approaches were used with regard to the data.
The DMFT/dmft scores were low in obese children and high in children who did not sense the bitter taste (non-tasters). While obese non-taster children had increased DMFT/dmft scores, normalweight non-taster children had decreased DMFT/dmft scores.
The alanine, valine and isoleucine (AVI) as well as proline, alanine and valine (PAV) haplotypes of the TAS2R38 gene are associated with the DMFT/dmft index and obesity. This study showed that the DMFT/dmft scores were decreased in obese children. According to the haplotype analysis of the TAS2R38 gene, the DMFT/dmft scores were increased in non-tasters. When differentiating obese nontasters and control non-tasters, DMFT/dmft increased in obese non-taster patients, while it decreased in control non-taster patients.
甜味和苦味基因被认为对肥胖和龋齿（这两种慢性病）有影响。
本研究旨在探讨味觉基因家族中最重要的成员 TAS2R38（苦味基因）和 TAS1R2（甜味基因）的多态性对肥胖和正常体重儿童牙齿状况的影响。
本研究纳入了 78 名健康儿童和 100 名肥胖儿童（5-16 岁）。评估了儿童的人体测量和牙齿状况。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的标准方法确定了恒牙/乳牙的龋齿、缺失和补牙（DMFT/dmft）指数。采集所有受试者的血样，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）试验进行基因分析，使用特定引物。研究了 TAS2R38 和 TAS1R2 基因的 5 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。采用截断泊松和截断负二项式模型对数据进行分析。
肥胖儿童的 DMFT/dmft 评分较低，而无法感知苦味（非味觉者）的儿童评分较高。肥胖非味觉者的 DMFT/dmft 评分升高，而正常体重非味觉者的 DMFT/dmft 评分降低。
TAS2R38 基因的丙氨酸、缬氨酸和异亮氨酸（AVI）以及脯氨酸、丙氨酸和缬氨酸（PAV）单倍型与 DMFT/dmft 指数和肥胖有关。本研究表明，肥胖儿童的 DMFT/dmft 评分降低。根据 TAS2R38 基因的单倍型分析，非味觉者的 DMFT/dmft 评分升高。在区分肥胖非味觉者和对照组非味觉者时，肥胖非味觉者的 DMFT/dmft 增加，而对照组非味觉者的 DMFT/dmft 降低。
