Human Circulation Research Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
Sport Sciences, U.S. Olympic Committee, Colorado Springs, Colorado.
J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Jul 1;36(7):1966-1971. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004233. Epub 2022 May 2.
Stone, BL, Ashley, JD, Skinner, RM, Polanco, JP, Walters, MT, Schilling, BK, and Kellawan, JM. Effects of a short-term heat acclimation protocol in elite amateur boxers. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1966-1971, 2022-Boxing requires proficient technical and tactical skills coupled with high levels of physiological capacity. Although heat and humidity negatively affect acute exercise performance, short-term exercise training in hot and humid environments can lead to physiological adaptations that enhance exercise performance in both hot and thermoneutral conditions. In highly trained endurance athletes, exercise-induced acclimation can occur in as little as 5 days (known as short-term heat acclimation [STHA]). However, the impact of a 5-day heat acclimation (5-DayHA) in combat athletes, such as elite amateur boxers, is unknown. The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether a 5-DayHA improves aerobic performance in a thermoneutral environment and causes positive physiological adaptations in elite boxers. Seven elite amateur boxers underwent a 5-DayHA protocol, consisting of 60-minute exercise sessions in an environmental chamber at 32 °C and 70% relative humidity. Repeat sprint test (RST) evaluated aerobic performance in a thermoneutral environment 24 hours before and after the 5-DayHA. Presession and postsession hydration status (urine specific gravity) and body mass were assessed. After a 5-DayHA period, boxers significantly improved RST performance (13 ± 7 to 19 ± 7 sprints, d = 0.92, p = 0.03) but not pre-exercise hydration status (1.02 ± 0.01 to 1.01 ± 0.01, d = 0.82, p = 0.07). Therefore, these findings suggest 5-DayHA enhances aerobic performance in elite-level amateur boxers and may provide a viable training option for elite combat athletes.
斯通、阿什利、斯金纳、波伦科、沃尔特斯、席林和凯拉万。短期热适应方案对精英业余拳击手的影响。《力量与调节研究杂志》36（7）：1966-1971，2022.拳击需要熟练的技术和战术技巧以及高水平的生理能力。尽管热和湿度会对急性运动表现产生负面影响，但在炎热和湿热环境中进行短期运动训练会导致生理适应，从而提高在炎热和热中性条件下的运动表现。在高度训练的耐力运动员中，运动引起的适应可以在短短 5 天内发生（称为短期热适应[STHA]）。然而，5 天热适应（5-DayHA）对格斗运动员（如精英业余拳击手）的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定 5-DayHA 是否能提高在热中性环境中的有氧表现，并在精英拳击手身上引起积极的生理适应。7 名精英业余拳击手接受了为期 5 天的热适应方案，包括在 32°C 和 70%相对湿度的环境室中进行 60 分钟的运动。重复冲刺测试（RST）在 5-DayHA 前后 24 小时评估热中性环境中的有氧表现。在运动前和运动后评估水合状态（尿比重）和体重。在 5-DayHA 期间，拳击手的 RST 表现显著提高（13±7 次到 19±7 次，d=0.92，p=0.03），但运动前的水合状态没有变化（1.02±0.01 到 1.01±0.01，d=0.82，p=0.07）。因此，这些发现表明 5-DayHA 可提高精英业余拳击手的有氧表现，可能为精英格斗运动员提供一种可行的训练选择。
