Sports Injury Research Group, Sport and Physical Activity Department, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK.
Phys Sportsmed. 2022 Aug;50(4):323-331. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2021.1931525. Epub 2021 May 27.
A variety of acute strategies around competition are used to prepare and promote physical and mental restoration in athletes. However, to date, no research exists on the prevalence of such methods in amateur boxing. Therefore, this study aimed to 1) examine the prevalence of pre-conditioning and recovery strategies in amateur boxing; 2) ascertain whether this was discriminated against at competitor level.
This study surveyed 101 senior amateur boxers (Senior Elite SEB n = 59; Senior Development SDB n = 42), on their application and perceptions of pre-conditioning and recovery strategies.
The reported findings determined a significantly greater number of SEB performed resistance priming activity up to 48 hours prior to competition (11, 19% vs 2, 5%; P = 0.040), and post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) activity in the pre-competition warm-up (18, 31% vs 1, 2%; P < 0.001), compared to SDB. Likewise, SEB reported they were also significantly more likely to utilize massage (SEB 35, 59%, SDB 11, 29%, P = 0.001) and cold-water immersion (CWI) (SEB 28, 47%, SDB 10, 29%, P = 0.016) as recovery modes, compared to their SDB counterparts.
This study was the first to provide data on the use of PAPE, priming and recovery methods around amateur boxing bouts. Increased access to multi-disciplinary staff could be expected in SEB, possibly explaining the greater prevalence of evidence-based methods around competition. Once athlete responsiveness to PAPEand longer-term priming methods are initially assessed, these strategies could be implemented to improve punch-specific performance, though more research is needed on their efficacy. Likewise, boxers could utilize evidence-based recovery modes where possible, with increased importance during repeat-bout scenarios, such as domestic tournaments. Coaches and practitioners may use this data to implement pre-conditioning and recovery strategies, to optimize performance and reduce the risk of injury of amateur boxers.
竞技比赛中有各种各样的急性策略被用来准备和促进运动员的身心恢复。然而，到目前为止，还没有关于业余拳击比赛中此类方法的流行程度的研究。因此，本研究旨在：1）检查业余拳击运动员的赛前调整和恢复策略的流行程度；2）确定这种方法是否因竞争对手的水平而有所不同。
本研究调查了 101 名高级业余拳击手（高级精英组 SEB，n=59；高级发展组 SDB，n=42），了解他们应用和感知的赛前调整和恢复策略。
报告的结果确定，SEB 组中进行阻力预刺激活动的人数明显多于 SDB 组，在比赛前 48 小时内进行预刺激活动（11 人，19% vs 2 人，5%；P=0.040），并且在比赛前热身中进行后激活性能增强（PAPE）活动（18 人，31% vs 1 人，2%；P<0.001）。同样，SEB 组报告说，他们也更有可能使用按摩（SEB 组 35 人，59%，SDB 组 11 人，29%；P=0.001）和冷水浸泡（CWI）（SEB 组 28 人，47%，SDB 组 10 人，29%；P=0.016）作为恢复方式，与 SDB 组相比。
本研究首次提供了关于业余拳击比赛中 PAPE、预刺激和恢复方法使用的数据。在 SEB 中，可以预期更多地获得多学科工作人员的支持，这可能解释了围绕比赛的更普遍的循证方法。一旦对 PAPE 和长期预刺激方法的运动员反应性进行初步评估，就可以实施这些策略来提高特定于出拳的表现，尽管还需要更多关于这些策略的有效性的研究。同样，运动员可以在可能的情况下使用基于证据的恢复模式，在国内比赛等重复比赛场景中，这些模式的重要性会增加。教练和从业者可以利用这些数据来实施赛前调整和恢复策略，以优化运动员的表现并降低受伤风险。
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