Organismal Biology Department, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Genome Biol Evol. 2022 May 3;14(5). doi: 10.1093/gbe/evac062.
Ants, bees, wasps, bark beetles, and other species have haploid males and diploid females. Although such haplodiploid species play key ecological roles and are threatened by environmental changes, no general framework exists for simulating their genetic evolution. Here, we use the SLiM simulation environment to build a novel model for individual-based forward simulation of genetic evolution in haplodiploids. We compare the fates of adaptive and deleterious mutations and find that selection on recessive mutations is more effective in haplodiploids than in diploids. Our open-source model will foster an understanding of the evolution of sociality and how ecologically important haplodiploid species may respond to changing environments.
蚂蚁、蜜蜂、胡蜂、树皮甲虫和其他物种具有单倍体雄性和二倍体雌性。尽管这些单倍二倍性物种在生态中发挥着关键作用，并受到环境变化的威胁，但目前还没有用于模拟它们遗传进化的通用框架。在这里，我们使用 SLiM 模拟环境构建了一个新颖的模型，用于模拟单倍二倍性个体的遗传进化。我们比较了适应性和有害突变的命运，发现隐性突变的选择在单倍二倍性中比在二倍体中更为有效。我们的开源模型将促进对社会性进化的理解，以及生态上重要的单倍二倍性物种可能如何应对不断变化的环境。
