James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health.
Rehabil Psychol. 2022 Aug;67(3):273-303. doi: 10.1037/rep0000431. Epub 2022 May 5.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: This systematic review synthesizes the existing literature on the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on families, including parenting, marital relations, and caregivers' psychological adjustment.
RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN: Seven databases were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies. Dissertations, chapters, editorials, and review articles were excluded. Sixty-six studies that examined SCI's impact on caregivers and families were included.
The review included 55 quantitative studies, 10 qualitative studies, and one study that utilized both methodologies. Among the quantitative psychosocial adjustment studies, as well as the qualitative studies, lack of social support was associated with an increased sense of burden, stress, depression, anxiety, and poorer physical health in caregivers. In the family relationship studies ( = 7), few significant differences were found in family functioning. Marital relationship studies ( = 12) frequently examined intimacy (sex, partner affirmations, and emotional support) as an important facet for determining positive or negative outcomes when one partner had SCI. However, divorce rates appeared to increase over time postinjury. Though few studies investigated caregiver needs and interventions ( = 5), needs for social support and information were identified, and several interventions (e.g., family education, more social support, and problem-solving training) were beneficial for promoting caregivers' psychosocial adjustment.
SCI significantly impacts caregivers' sense of burden and psychological distress, with major implications for family functioning and caregivers' physical, mental, and social health. These issues occurred internationally and endured over time. Findings indicated the need for focused interventions to support caregivers' psychosocial adjustment after SCI. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
本系统评价综合了现有的关于脊髓损伤（SCI）对家庭影响的文献，包括育儿、婚姻关系和照顾者的心理调整。
研究方法/设计：在七个数据库中搜索了相关的同行评审研究。排除了论文、章节、社论和评论文章。纳入了 66 项研究，这些研究调查了 SCI 对照顾者和家庭的影响。
该综述包括 55 项定量研究、10 项定性研究和一项同时使用两种方法的研究。在定量心理社会调整研究中，以及定性研究中，缺乏社会支持与照顾者的负担感增加、压力、抑郁、焦虑和较差的身体健康有关。在家庭关系研究中（n = 7），家庭功能几乎没有发现显著差异。婚姻关系研究（n = 12）经常研究亲密关系（性、伴侣肯定和情感支持），因为当一方患有 SCI 时，这是决定积极或消极结果的一个重要方面。然而，离婚率似乎随着受伤后的时间推移而增加。尽管很少有研究调查照顾者的需求和干预措施（n = 5），但确定了对社会支持和信息的需求，并且一些干预措施（例如，家庭教育、更多的社会支持和解决问题的培训）有益于促进照顾者的心理社会调整。
SCI 显著影响照顾者的负担感和心理困扰，对家庭功能和照顾者的身体、心理和社会健康有重大影响。这些问题在国际上存在，并随着时间的推移而持续存在。研究结果表明，需要有针对性的干预措施来支持 SCI 后照顾者的心理社会调整。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
