Lee J S, Dugoni S A
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987 Apr;91(4):335-41. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(87)90176-4.
Malocclusions can be successfully treated in the mixed dentition (Phase I), which can usually significantly reduce the need for comprehensive orthodontic treatment in the permanent dentition. Phase I of orthodontic treatment is designed to correct the skeletal and dental malocclusions at an early age. Treatment usually lasts for 12 to 20 months. Following Phase I treatment, there is a supervision phase of 18 to 30 months in which to hold the correction achieved during early treatment while supervising the eruption of the remaining permanent teeth. If a second phase of orthodontic treatment is required, the treatment time is usually limited to 6 to 18 months, depending on the malocclusion, growth direction, and increments. Treatment time for the patient in this report was extended primarily because of the teaching clinic environment. At the University of the Pacific, we have observed that Phase I of orthodontic treatment produces a more stable long-term orthodontic result, reduces the need for premolar extractions, creates less temporomandibular joint problems at a later age, and achieves a better profile balance.
错牙合畸形可以在混合牙列期（第一阶段）得到成功治疗，这通常能显著减少恒牙列期进行全面正畸治疗的需求。正畸治疗的第一阶段旨在早期矫正骨骼和牙齿错牙合畸形。治疗通常持续12至20个月。在第一阶段治疗之后，有一个为期18至30个月的监督阶段，在此期间维持早期治疗所取得的矫正效果，同时监督其余恒牙的萌出。如果需要进行第二阶段正畸治疗，治疗时间通常限制在6至18个月，具体取决于错牙合畸形情况、生长方向和增量。本报告中患者的治疗时间延长主要是因为教学诊所的环境。在太平洋大学，我们观察到正畸治疗的第一阶段能产生更稳定的长期正畸效果，减少拔除前磨牙的需求，在后期减少颞下颌关节问题，并实现更好的面部轮廓平衡。
