Synthesis of a three-dimensional cross-linked Ni-VO nanomaterial in an ionic liquid for lithium-ion batteries.

A three-dimensional cross-linked Ni-VO nanomaterial with a particle size of 250-300 nm was successfully prepared in a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole bromide ionic liquid (IL). The formation of this structure may follow the rule of dissolution-recrystallization and the ionic liquid, as both a dissolution and structure-directing agent, plays an important role in the formation of the material. After calcination of the precursor, the active material (Ni-VO-IL) was used as an anode for lithium-ion batteries. The designed anode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with 765 mA h g at a current density of 0.3 A g after 300 cycles, which is much higher than that of a NiVO-W material prepared a hydrothermal method (305 mA h g). These results show the remarkable superiority of this novel electrode material synthesized in an ionic liquid.