Liu Chao, Guo Yongqiang, Zhang Jiaming, Tian Bo, Lin Oukai, Liu Yawei, Zhang Chunhua
MIITKey Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology P. O. Box 1254 Harbin 150001 PR China
Sunflower Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. Harbin 150078 PR China.
RSC Adv. 2019 Jun 6;9(31):17766-17777. doi: 10.1039/c9ra02240f. eCollection 2019 Jun 4.
Polyamide aromatic (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are currently the most important materials in the seawater desalination and wastewater treatment industry. This study used hydrophilic macromolecular polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in a PA selective layer to develop a new polyamide thin-film composite (TFC), namely PA--PVP RO, which will be used for water treatment. The TFC is prepared an interfacial polymerisation process, and TFC-based PVP can be transplanted on a PA surface by radiation. PA--PVP RO was characterised by ATR-FTIR, SEM, XPS, AFM and contact angle test and then evaluated by determining its permeability, salt retention and antifouling performance, among other properties. Results show that the chemical composition and surface morphology of the polyamide film significantly changed. A PVP brush grafted on an RO membrane surface significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity and antifouling performance of the membrane. When the PVP concentration was increased in an aqueous solution to 2%, the water contact angle of the sacrificial layer of the modified membrane decreased to 24.3°, the fouling recovery ratio to 93.4% and the salt retention increased to 99.5% at a small flux change. This combined technology can also be used for other macromolecules to modify the membrane and study the preparation and modification of ultra-filtration and nano-filtration membranes.
聚酰胺芳香族（PA）反渗透（RO）膜是目前海水淡化和废水处理行业中最重要的材料。本研究在PA选择层中使用亲水性高分子聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）来开发一种新型聚酰胺复合薄膜（TFC），即PA-PVP RO，用于水处理。TFC通过界面聚合过程制备，基于TFC的PVP可通过辐射移植到PA表面。通过ATR-FTIR、SEM、XPS、AFM和接触角测试对PA-PVP RO进行表征，然后通过测定其渗透性、盐截留率和抗污染性能等特性进行评估。结果表明，聚酰胺膜的化学成分和表面形态发生了显著变化。接枝在RO膜表面的PVP刷显著增强了膜的亲水性和抗污染性能。当水溶液中PVP浓度增加到2%时，改性膜牺牲层的水接触角降至24.3°，污染恢复率达到93.4%，在通量变化较小的情况下盐截留率提高到99.5%。这种复合技术还可用于其他大分子对膜进行改性，并研究超滤和纳滤膜的制备与改性。
