School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2022;23(5):296-301. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2022.2062334. Epub 2022 May 6.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors associating the car-following behavior, which could lead to rear-end crash potential. The safe distance in this study was when the traffic flow was in an asymptotic stability state.
Traffic flow observation was conducted to observe how vehicle characteristics associating car-following behavior. However, it was not possible to determine the driver characteristics and their driving habits using the traffic flow observation alone. Therefore, a driving simulation and questionnaires were used in combination to investigate how driving characteristics were associate with car-following behavior.
From the two observation methods, several factors were found to significantly associate the rear-end crash potential including vehicle types, traveling lanes, the purposes of vehicle usage, age, income, the number of driving hours per week, stress, and anger or aggressive behavior.
The traffic flow observation indicated that among the different types of vehicles, sedan/hatchback cars were more likely to be involved in rear-end crashes than others type of vehicles. Vehicles using the high-speed lane typically drove closer to each other and had a higher chance of rear-end collisions. The observation of driver characteristics showed that younger and high-income drivers were more likely to drive with less gap, resulting in higher possibilities of a rear-accident. Despite being in a normal emotional state, drivers with high frequency of stress, anger or aggression while driving had shorter headway distances and were more likely to cause rear-end collisions.
本研究旨在探讨与跟车行为相关的因素，这些因素可能导致追尾碰撞的潜在风险。本研究中的安全距离是指交通流处于渐近稳定状态时的距离。
通过交通流观察来观察车辆特性与跟车行为之间的关系。然而，仅通过交通流观察无法确定驾驶员的特征及其驾驶习惯。因此，本研究采用驾驶模拟和问卷调查相结合的方法，研究驾驶特性与跟车行为之间的关系。
通过这两种观察方法，发现了几个与追尾碰撞潜在风险显著相关的因素，包括车辆类型、行驶车道、车辆使用目的、年龄、收入、每周驾驶小时数、压力、愤怒或攻击性行为等。
交通流观察表明，在不同类型的车辆中，轿车/掀背车比其他类型的车辆更容易发生追尾事故。使用高速车道的车辆通常彼此之间的距离更近，发生追尾碰撞的可能性更高。驾驶员特征的观察表明，年轻和高收入的驾驶员更倾向于保持较小的跟车距离，从而增加了追尾事故的可能性。即使处于正常情绪状态，压力、愤怒或攻击性较高的驾驶员在驾驶时跟车间距较短，更容易发生追尾事故。
