Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.
Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.
Br J Radiol. 2022 Jul 1;95(1135):20211203. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20211203. Epub 2022 May 12.
Lower limb peripheral arterial disease (PAD) characterizes the impairment of blood flow to extremities caused by arterial stenoses or occlusions. Evaluation of PAD is based on clinical examination, calculation of ankle-brachial index and imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT, MRI and digital subtraction angiography. These modalities provide significant information about location, extension and severity of macrovasular lesions in lower extremity arterial system. However, they can be also used to evaluate limb perfusion, using appropriate techniques and protocols. This information may be valuable for assessment of the severity of ischemia and detection of hypoperfused areas. Moreover, they can be used for planning of revascularization strategy in patients with severe PAD and evaluation of therapeutic outcome. These techniques may also determine prognosis and amputation risk in patients with PAD. This review gives a basic overview of the perfusion techniques for lower limbs provided by imaging modalities such as ultrasound, CT, MRI, digital subtraction angiography and scintigraphy and their clinical applications for evaluation of PAD and revascularization outcome.
下肢周围动脉疾病（PAD）是指由动脉狭窄或闭塞引起的肢体血流受损。PAD 的评估基于临床检查、踝肱指数的计算以及超声、CT、MRI 和数字减影血管造影等影像学研究。这些方法提供了下肢动脉系统大血管病变的位置、范围和严重程度的重要信息。然而，它们也可以使用适当的技术和方案来评估肢体灌注情况。这些信息对于评估缺血的严重程度和检测灌注不足的区域可能很有价值。此外，它们可用于严重 PAD 患者的血运重建策略的规划以及治疗效果的评估。这些技术还可以确定 PAD 患者的预后和截肢风险。本文综述了超声、CT、MRI、数字减影血管造影和闪烁照相术等影像学方法提供的下肢灌注技术，并介绍了它们在评估 PAD 和血运重建效果方面的临床应用。
