Gawkrodger D J, McVittie E, Carr M M, Ross J A, Hunter J A
Clin Exp Immunol. 1986 Dec;66(3):590-8.
Despite qualitative similarities there were subtle differences between the nickel allergic and dithranol irritant dermatitis reactions. In both responses, dermal and epidermal cellular infiltrates developed, which were predominantly of Leu 3a phenotype with lesser numbers of Leu 2a positive cells. Dermal infiltrates were larger in the allergic response, but epidermal invasion was greater in the irritant reaction. In the allergic challenge response, Leu 3a reactive cells appeared in the dermis and epidermis by 4 h. At 48 h, both reactions showed skin infiltration by Leu M3 positive macrophages, and had increased numbers of cells in the epidermis expressing class II antigens. The number of Leu 6 reactive Langerhans cells in the epidermis was almost halved at 48 h in the irritant reaction, but Langerhans cell counts were increased by a third between 24 and 48 h of the allergic response. Ultrastructural studies showed disruption of the Langerhans cell mitochondrial cristae at 8 h in the irritant reaction, with few identifiable epidermal Langerhans cells at 48 h. At 1 h in the allergic response, electron microscopy identified two populations of Langerhans cells; the majority showed an electron-dense cytoplasm with vacuoles, and the rest appeared normal. Peripolesis was noted in both types of reaction.
尽管镍过敏性皮炎和地蒽酚刺激性皮炎反应在性质上有相似之处，但仍存在细微差异。在这两种反应中，均出现了真皮和表皮细胞浸润，主要为Leu 3a表型，Leu 2a阳性细胞数量较少。过敏反应中的真皮浸润更大，但刺激性反应中的表皮侵袭更明显。在过敏激发反应中，4小时时真皮和表皮中出现了Leu 3a反应性细胞。48小时时，两种反应均显示Leu M3阳性巨噬细胞浸润皮肤，且表皮中表达II类抗原的细胞数量增加。刺激性反应中，48小时时表皮中Leu 6反应性朗格汉斯细胞数量几乎减半，但过敏反应在24至48小时之间，朗格汉斯细胞数量增加了三分之一。超微结构研究显示，刺激性反应在8小时时朗格汉斯细胞线粒体嵴遭到破坏，48小时时几乎无法识别表皮朗格汉斯细胞。过敏反应在1小时时，电子显微镜观察到两种朗格汉斯细胞群体；大多数细胞显示出含有空泡的电子致密细胞质，其余细胞看起来正常。两种反应中均观察到卫星现象。
