Conseil Départemental des Bouches-du-Rhône, DPMISP, Maternal Child Health Service (Protection Maternelle et Infantile), 4 quai d'Arenc, Marseille 13304, France.
Aix-Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1251, Marseille Medical Genetics (MMG), Marseille, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Department of Multidisciplinary Pediatry, Specialized Obesity Center (CSO), Hôpital La Timone Enfants Marseille, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2022 Jul;29(5):388-394. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.03.001. Epub 2022 May 4.
The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and early adiposity rebound in nursery school children aged 3.5-4.5 years and to evaluate associations with deprivation.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in southeastern France. Data for all nursery school children aged 3.5-4.5 years were collected during systematic medical examinations. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was determined using French, International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), and World Health Organization reference values. A French ecological deprivation index was used to assess associations with deprivation.
Among 19,295 children included in the study, the prevalence of overweight (IOTF-25 < BMI < IOTF-30) was 9.1% and the prevalence of obesity (BMI > IOTF-30) was 2.6%. Children attending nursery schools in the most disadvantaged areas were 4.3 times more likely to be affected by obesity than those from schools in the most advantaged areas (OR: 4.32; 95% CI: 2.98-6.25, p < 0.001), after adjusting for gender, age group, and school status. Early adiposity rebound was observed in 2131 of 9872 children (21.6%).
Programs to prevent childhood overweight and obesity in France should be intensified and take account of major persistent social inequalities. Medical practitioners should learn to systematically assess BMI curve dynamics and early adiposity rebound.
本研究旨在评估 3.5-4.5 岁幼儿园儿童超重、肥胖和早期脂肪反弹的流行率，并评估与贫困的关系。
在法国东南部的罗讷河口省进行了一项横断面研究。在系统的医学检查中收集了所有 3.5-4.5 岁幼儿园儿童的数据。使用法国、国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）和世界卫生组织参考值确定超重和肥胖的患病率。使用法国生态剥夺指数评估与贫困的关联。
在纳入研究的 19295 名儿童中，超重（IOTF-25<BMI<IOTF-30）的患病率为 9.1%，肥胖（BMI>IOTF-30）的患病率为 2.6%。来自最贫困地区幼儿园的儿童肥胖的可能性比来自最富裕地区幼儿园的儿童高 4.3 倍（OR：4.32；95%CI：2.98-6.25，p<0.001），调整性别、年龄组和学校地位后。在 9872 名儿童中有 2131 名（21.6%）观察到早期脂肪反弹。
法国预防儿童超重和肥胖的计划应加强，并考虑到长期存在的社会不平等。医疗保健专业人员应学会系统评估 BMI 曲线动态和早期脂肪反弹。
