Asano Atsushi, Priyadarshana Chathura
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
J Poult Sci. 2022 Apr 25;59(2):114-120. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0210104.
Fertilization requires successful completion of molecular events taking place at different spatiotemporal scales. Transcriptionally and translationally inactive sperm need to rely on pre-assembled pathways modulated by extracellular signals that traverse the plasma membranes. However, species differences in how sperm respond to them delay the progress toward a comprehensive understanding of how activation of the signaling cascades is coordinated in poultry sperm. In chickens, recent studies have found that membrane rafts are present on the sperm surface and play important roles in regulating multistage fertilization. In this review, we focus on three steps in which membrane alteration plays a key role. The first is post-testicular maturation, in which bird sperm acquire fertilization functions through biochemical changes. The second part of this review concerns membrane regulation of sperm-egg binding and the acrosome reaction. Finally, we extend our discussion to the translation of membrane raft theory into a technical principle for the commercial production and genetic preservation of poultry.
受精需要成功完成在不同时空尺度上发生的分子事件。转录和翻译不活跃的精子需要依靠由穿过质膜的细胞外信号调节的预组装途径。然而，精子对这些信号的反应存在物种差异，这延缓了我们全面理解家禽精子信号级联激活是如何协调的进程。在鸡中，最近的研究发现精子表面存在膜筏，并且在调节多阶段受精中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于膜改变起关键作用的三个步骤。第一个是睾丸后成熟，在此过程中鸟类精子通过生化变化获得受精功能。本综述的第二部分涉及精子与卵子结合及顶体反应的膜调节。最后，我们将讨论扩展到将膜筏理论转化为家禽商业生产和遗传保存的技术原理。
