Kamaruddin Humairah, Nordin Naufal, Abdul Manap Nurlin Erlina, Narayanasamy Sumithira, Sharanjeet-Kaur Sharanjeet, Hairol Mohd Izzuddin
Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Centre for Rehabilitation & Special Needs Studies (iCaReRehab), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Malays J Med Sci. 2022 Apr;29(2):102-113. doi: 10.21315/mjms2022.29.2.10. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
Vision screening programmes' outcomes are routinely used to report the prevalence of vision anomalies in children. However, the association between vision screening outcomes and the children's socioeconomic status remains underexplored. This cross-sectional study determined the association between socioeconomic and birth status with vision screening outcomes in a sample of children in Klang Valley.
Total 411 children (mean age: 5.49 ± 0.47 years old) attending preschools were selected via stratified cluster sampling. Habitual distance visual acuity, near visual acuity, and stereoacuity were measured. The fail criteria were distance visual acuity ≥ 0.3 logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR), near visual acuity ≥ 0.4 logMAR or stereoacuity ≥ 300 arcsec. Socioeconomic and birth history data were obtained using parent-report questionnaires. The association between socioeconomic factors and screening outcomes were determined with binary logistic regression.
Sixty-two children (15.1%) failed the screening, with a significantly higher failure rate for Bumiputera children (16.34%) compared to non-Bumiputera children (4.08%) ( = 5.21; = 0.024). After adjusting for confounders, Bumiputera children were four times more likely to fail vision screening (OR: 4.54; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.07, 17.76; = 0.044). Other socioeconomic factors were not significant predictors for failing vision screening.
Preschool children's ethnicity is associated with vision screening outcomes. Bumiputera children are more likely to fail vision screening than their non-Bumiputera peers.
视力筛查项目的结果通常用于报告儿童视力异常的患病率。然而，视力筛查结果与儿童社会经济地位之间的关联仍未得到充分研究。这项横断面研究确定了巴生谷地区儿童样本中社会经济和出生状况与视力筛查结果之间的关联。
通过分层整群抽样选择了411名就读于幼儿园的儿童（平均年龄：5.49±0.47岁）。测量了习惯性远视力、近视力和立体视锐度。筛查失败标准为远视力≥最小分辨角对数（logMAR）0.3、近视力≥0.4 logMAR或立体视锐度≥300角秒。使用家长报告问卷获取社会经济和出生史数据。通过二元逻辑回归确定社会经济因素与筛查结果之间的关联。
62名儿童（15.1%）筛查失败，马来族儿童的失败率（16.34%）显著高于非马来族儿童（4.08%）（χ²=5.21；P=0.024）。在调整混杂因素后，马来族儿童视力筛查失败的可能性高出四倍（比值比：4.54；95%置信区间[CI]：1.07，17.76；P=0.044）。其他社会经济因素不是视力筛查失败的显著预测因素。
学龄前儿童的种族与视力筛查结果有关。马来族儿童比非马来族同龄人更有可能视力筛查失败。
