Yangco B G, Baird I, Lorber B, Noble R, Bermudez R, Silverblatt F, Vasquez G
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1987 Feb;19(2):239-48. doi: 10.1093/jac/19.2.239.
One hundred and thirty-five patients with bacterial pneumonia who had risk factors (alcoholism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, corticosteroid therapy diabetes mellitus, advanced age, solid tumours) were randomly allocated in a double-blind fashion to receive either ceftizoxime (2-4 g every 8 h), cefotaxime (1-2 g every 4 h), or latamoxef (2-4 g every 8 h). Of the 84 patients evaluable for efficacy, clinical cure was achieved in 91%, 85%, and 89% of ceftizoxime- (20/22), cefotaxime-(23/27), and latamoxef-treated (31/35) patients, respectively. Adverse reactions occurred in one of 45 ceftizoxime-treated patients, one of 43 cefotaxime-treated patients, and seven of 47 latamoxef-treated patients. Abnormal laboratory values during therapy were seen in 50% of latamoxef-treated and 43% of cefotaxime-treated patients and in 29% of ceftizoxime-treated patients. Hypoprothrombinaemia occurred in five latamoxef-treated patients and one of these patients experienced an episode of haematemesis. In this study, ceftizoxime, cefotaxime, and latamoxef were similarly effective; however, the incidence of side effects was most frequent with latamoxef.
135例患有细菌性肺炎且伴有危险因素（酗酒、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、皮质类固醇治疗、糖尿病、高龄、实体肿瘤）的患者，以双盲方式随机分配接受头孢唑肟（每8小时2 - 4克）、头孢噻肟（每4小时1 - 2克）或拉氧头孢（每8小时2 - 4克）治疗。在可评估疗效的84例患者中，头孢唑肟治疗组（20/22）、头孢噻肟治疗组（23/27）和拉氧头孢治疗组（31/35）的临床治愈率分别为91%、85%和89%。45例接受头孢唑肟治疗的患者中有1例出现不良反应，43例接受头孢噻肟治疗的患者中有1例出现不良反应，47例接受拉氧头孢治疗的患者中有7例出现不良反应。治疗期间，拉氧头孢治疗组50%的患者、头孢噻肟治疗组43%的患者以及头孢唑肟治疗组29%的患者出现实验室检查值异常。5例接受拉氧头孢治疗的患者发生低凝血酶原血症，其中1例患者出现呕血发作。在本研究中，头孢唑肟、头孢噻肟和拉氧头孢疗效相似；然而，拉氧头孢的副作用发生率最高。
