Cummings J L
J Clin Psychiatry. 1987 May;48 Suppl:3-8.
Dementia is seen in a wide variety of conditions that, in general, lack specific laboratory features. Etiologic classification depends on a combination of historical/clinical and radiologic/EEG considerations. Neurobehavioral and neuropsychiatric characteristics of the dementia syndromes may be key to accurate diagnosis. The diseases that produce dementia syndromes, including degenerative, vascular, myelinoclastic, traumatic, infective, and metabolic disorders, are reviewed, and the principles that permit differential diagnosis are discussed.
痴呆在多种疾病中都可见，一般而言，这些疾病缺乏特定的实验室特征。病因分类取决于病史/临床和放射学/脑电图检查结果的综合判断。痴呆综合征的神经行为和神经精神特征可能是准确诊断的关键。本文回顾了导致痴呆综合征的疾病，包括退行性、血管性、脱髓鞘性、创伤性、感染性和代谢性疾病，并讨论了进行鉴别诊断的原则。
