Ye Jiabao, Yang Ke, Li Yuting, Xu Feng, Cheng Shuiyuan, Zhang Weiwei, Liao Yongling, Yang Xiaoyan, Wang Lina, Wang Qijian
College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China.
School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Tree Physiol. 2022 Oct 7;42(10):2068-2085. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpac051.
Ginkgo biloba L. is currently the only remaining gymnosperm of the Ginkgoaceae Ginkgo genus, and its history can be traced back to the Carboniferous 200 million years ago. Terpene trilactones (TTLs) are one of the main active ingredients in G. biloba, including ginkgolides and bilobalide. They have a good curative effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases because of their special antagonistic effect on platelet-activating factors. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply mine genes related to TTLs and to analyze their transcriptional regulation mechanism, which will hold vitally important scientific and practical significance for quality improvement and regulation of G. biloba. In this study, we performed RNA-Seq on the root, stem, immature leaf, mature leaf, microstrobilus, ovulate strobilus, immature fruit and mature fruit of G. biloba. The TTL regulatory network of G. biloba in different organs was revealed by different transcriptomic analysis strategies. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the five modules were closely correlated with organs. The 12 transcription factors, 5 structural genes and 24 Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) were identified as candidate regulators for TTL accumulation by WGCNA and cytoscape visualization. Finally, 6 APETALA2/ethylene response factors, 2 CYP450s and bHLH were inferred to regulate the metabolism of TTLs by correlation analysis. This study is the comprehensive in authenticating transcription factors, structural genes and CYP450 involved in TTL biosynthesis, thereby providing molecular evidence for revealing the comprehensive regulatory network involved in TTL metabolism in G. biloba.
银杏是银杏科银杏属目前仅存的裸子植物，其历史可追溯到2亿年前的石炭纪。萜类三内酯（TTLs）是银杏的主要活性成分之一，包括银杏内酯和白果内酯。由于它们对血小板活化因子具有特殊的拮抗作用，因此对心脑血管疾病具有良好的治疗效果。因此，深入挖掘与TTLs相关的基因并分析其转录调控机制，对于银杏的品质改良和调控具有至关重要的科学和实践意义。在本研究中，我们对银杏的根、茎、幼叶、成熟叶、雄球花、雌球花、未成熟果实和成熟果实进行了RNA测序。通过不同的转录组分析策略揭示了银杏不同器官中的TTL调控网络。加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）表明，五个模块与器官密切相关。通过WGCNA和Cytoscape可视化鉴定出12个转录因子、5个结构基因和24个细胞色素P450（CYP450）作为TTL积累的候选调控因子。最后，通过相关性分析推断出6个APETALA2/乙烯响应因子、2个CYP450和bHLH调控TTLs的代谢。本研究全面鉴定了参与TTL生物合成的转录因子、结构基因和CYP450，从而为揭示银杏TTL代谢的综合调控网络提供了分子证据。
