John D G, Alison A I, Scott D J, McRae A R, Allen M J
J Laryngol Otol. 1987 Feb;101(2):139-42. doi: 10.1017/s0022215100101409.
A prospective study was undertaken of 75 patients complaining of epistaxis who presented to an Accident and Emergency Department. The patients were placed into four groups according to their presenting features, and various forms of appropriate management applied. It was found that in the group that had ceased bleeding on presentation, whether or not a bleeding point was visible, there was no benefit obtained by treatment. If the nose was still bleeding on presentation, and the bleeding point was visible, successful management could be obtained by cauterising the bleeding point. This is a treatment that could be carried out by either the General Practitioner or the Accident Department. If the nose was actively bleeding, and the bleeding point could not be seen, then even initially successful treatment by the Accident Department was usually found to be ineffective within forty-eight hours. It is suggested that this group should be referred to an ENT unit on presentation.
对75名因鼻出血前往急诊部就诊的患者进行了一项前瞻性研究。根据患者的就诊特征将其分为四组，并采用了各种适当的治疗方法。结果发现，在就诊时已停止出血的组中，无论是否可见出血点，治疗均无益处。如果就诊时鼻子仍在出血，且出血点可见，通过烧灼出血点可成功治疗。这是一种全科医生或急诊科都可进行的治疗方法。如果鼻子正在大量出血，且看不到出血点，那么即使急诊科最初的治疗成功，通常也会发现在48小时内无效。建议该组患者就诊时应转诊至耳鼻喉科。
