Du Rui, Cao Shenbin, Jin Rencun, Li Xiangchen, Fan Jiarui, Peng Yongzhen
National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Jun 21;56(12):8650-8662. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05123. Epub 2022 May 10.
The application of anammox technology in low-strength wastewater treatment is still challenging due to unstable nitrite (NO-N) generation. Partial denitrification (PD) of nitrate (NO-N) reduction ending with NO-N provides a promising solution. However, little is known about the feasibility of accelerating nitrogen removal toward the practical application of anammox combined with heterotrophic denitrification. In this work, an ultrafast, highly stable, and impressive nitrogen removal performance was demonstrated in the PD coupling with an anammox (PD/A) system. With a low-strength influent [50 mg/L each of ammonia (NH-N) and NO-N] at a low chemical oxygen demand/NO-N ratio of 2.2, the hydraulic retention time could be shortened from 16.0 to 1.0 h. Remarkable nitrogen removal rates of 1.28 kg N/(m d) and excellent total nitrogen removal efficiency of 94.1% were achieved, far exceeding the applicable capacity for mainstream treatment. Stimulated enzymatic reaction activity of anammox was obtained due to the fast NO-N jump followed by a famine condition with limited organic carbon utilization. This high-rate PD/A system exhibited efficient renewal of bacteria with a short sludge retention time. The 16S rRNA sequencing unraveled the rapid growth of the genus , possibly responsible for the incomplete reduction of NO-N to NO-N and a decreasing abundance of anammox bacteria. This provides new insights into the practical application of the PD/A process in the energy-efficient treatment of low-strength wastewater with less land occupancy and desirable effluent quality.
由于亚硝酸盐（NO-N）生成不稳定，厌氧氨氧化技术在低强度污水处理中的应用仍然具有挑战性。以NO-N为终点的硝酸盐（NO-N）还原的部分反硝化（PD）提供了一个有前景的解决方案。然而，关于加速氮去除以实现厌氧氨氧化与异养反硝化结合的实际应用的可行性，人们知之甚少。在这项工作中，在PD与厌氧氨氧化（PD/A）系统耦合中展示了超快、高度稳定且令人印象深刻的氮去除性能。在化学需氧量/NO-N比率为2.2的低强度进水[氨（NH-N）和NO-N各50 mg/L]条件下，水力停留时间可从16.0小时缩短至1.0小时。实现了1.28 kg N/(m³·d)的显著氮去除率和94.1%的优异总氮去除效率，远远超过主流处理的适用能力。由于快速的NO-N跃升，随后是有机碳利用受限的饥饿状态，获得了刺激的厌氧氨氧化酶反应活性。这种高速率的PD/A系统在短污泥停留时间下表现出细菌的高效更新。16S rRNA测序揭示了某属的快速生长，这可能是导致NO-N不完全还原为NO-N以及厌氧氨氧化细菌丰度下降的原因。这为PD/A工艺在低强度废水的节能处理中的实际应用提供了新的见解，该处理具有较少的土地占用和理想的出水水质。
