Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 1;837:155774. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155774. Epub 2022 May 7.
Stormwater management ponds, which are constructed to retain excess runoff and pollutants from traffic, play an important role in the freshwater biodiversity in highly modified areas. However, their roles in agricultural and semi-natural landscapes remain largely unexplored. In this study, we used Odonata as a bioindicator to compare a set of highway stormwater ponds and surrounding ponds within an agricultural and semi-natural landscape to examine the extent to which stormwater ponds act as biodiversity refuges. We analyzed the differences in environmental parameters and the richness, compositions, and conservation values of the odonate communities of stormwater and surrounding ponds. We also examined the factors controlling the differences in the communities of both pond types. The stormwater ponds were smaller, less eutrophicated, less shaded by trees, less stocked with fish, and less connected with other waterbodies than the surrounding ponds. However, they had a higher plant diversity and pH values and were more densely overgrown with vegetation. Compared with surrounding ponds, stormwater ponds had a higher Odonata richness and β-diversity, but their taxonomic distinctness was significantly lower. Therefore, stormwater ponds hosted more variable communities but their assemblages were taxonomically similar. Indicator species were only identified in stormwater ponds. Furthermore, stormwater ponds harbored more species with higher conservation values. The most important factors affecting the differences between stormwater and surrounding ponds were the trophic state, relative tree shading, and fish stocking intensity. With their increase, the richness and rarity decreased. Our results highlight the potential of stormwater ponds to enhance the biodiversity outside urban areas by providing specific habitat conditions that are unique to the surrounding agricultural landscape. In addition, we suggest management practices that can be used to enhance their biodiversity conservation function.
雨水管理池塘是为了滞留交通产生的多余径流水和污染物而建造的，在高度人工化区域的淡水生物多样性中起着重要作用。然而，它们在农业和半自然景观中的作用在很大程度上仍未得到探索。在这项研究中，我们使用蜻蜓作为生物指标，比较了一组高速公路雨水池塘和农业半自然景观内的周围池塘，以研究雨水池塘在多大程度上充当生物多样性避难所。我们分析了雨水和周围池塘的环境参数以及蜻蜓群落的丰富度、组成和保护价值的差异。我们还研究了控制两种池塘群落差异的因素。雨水池塘比周围池塘更小、富营养化程度更低、树木遮荫更少、鱼类存量更少且与其他水体的连通性更差。然而，它们的植物多样性和 pH 值更高，并且植被覆盖更密集。与周围池塘相比，雨水池塘的蜻蜓丰富度和 β 多样性更高，但分类学上的独特性明显较低。因此，雨水池塘拥有更具变异性的群落，但它们的组合在分类学上相似。指示物种仅在雨水池塘中被识别。此外，雨水池塘还栖息着更多具有更高保护价值的物种。影响雨水和周围池塘差异的最重要因素是营养状态、相对树木遮荫和鱼类放养强度。随着它们的增加，丰富度和稀有度降低。我们的研究结果强调了雨水池塘通过提供独特于周围农业景观的特定栖息地条件，从而有潜力在城市以外地区增强生物多样性。此外，我们提出了可以用于增强其生物多样性保护功能的管理实践。
