Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
Eat Weight Disord. 2022 Oct;27(7):2629-2639. doi: 10.1007/s40519-022-01399-2. Epub 2022 May 10.
Emotion regulation (ER) refers to the processes by which individuals influence the onset, intensity, and duration of emotions. Previous studies have examined the effects of adaptive ER and maladaptive ER in isolation, but growing evidence suggests that they should be studied in conjunction. This study examined the interactions between habitual adaptive and maladaptive ER strategies with eating disorder (ED) symptoms and ED-related clinical impairment.
Students (N = 1377) from a Midwestern American university reported ED symptoms, ED-related impairment, habitual adaptive ER (i.e., cognitive reappraisal), and habitual maladaptive ER (i.e., distraction and suppression). Multiple linear regressions were conducted using the PROCESS v3 macro.
The study found that adaptive ER was negatively associated with ED symptoms and ED-related impairment, whereas maladaptive ER was positively associated with both outcome variables. Adaptive ER moderated the association between maladaptive ER and ED symptoms, but not clinical impairment. When habitual adaptive ER was low (< 33.4th percentile), there was no association between maladaptive ER and ED symptoms; however, when habitual adaptive ER was moderate to high (> 33.4th percentile), there was a positive association between frequency of maladaptive ER use and ED symptoms. There was no significant three-way interaction among adaptive ER, maladaptive ER, and probable ED diagnosis, for ED-related impairment or symptoms.
Results suggest that irrespective of frequency of maladaptive ER, people with low adaptive ER reported elevated psychopathology. Findings point to the utility of interventions to reduce maladaptive ER and increase adaptive ER in ED populations.
Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
情绪调节（ER）是指个体影响情绪的发生、强度和持续时间的过程。先前的研究分别考察了适应性 ER 和不良适应性 ER 的影响，但越来越多的证据表明，它们应该结合起来研究。本研究考察了习惯性适应性和不良适应性 ER 策略与饮食障碍（ED）症状和 ED 相关临床障碍之间的相互作用。
美国中西部一所大学的学生（N=1377）报告了 ED 症状、ED 相关障碍、习惯性适应性 ER（即认知重评）和习惯性不良适应性 ER（即分心和抑制）。使用 PROCESS v3 宏进行了多次线性回归。
研究发现适应性 ER 与 ED 症状和 ED 相关障碍呈负相关，而不良适应性 ER 与这两个结果变量呈正相关。适应性 ER 调节了不良适应性 ER 与 ED 症状之间的关系，但不调节与临床障碍之间的关系。当习惯性适应性 ER 较低（<第 33.4 百分位数）时，不良适应性 ER 与 ED 症状之间没有关联；然而，当习惯性适应性 ER 处于中等至高（>第 33.4 百分位数）时，不良适应性 ER 使用频率与 ED 症状之间存在正相关。适应性 ER、不良适应性 ER 和可能的 ED 诊断之间没有显著的三向相互作用，无论是 ED 相关的障碍还是症状。
结果表明，无论不良适应性 ER 的频率如何，适应性 ER 较低的人报告的心理病理学程度较高。这些发现表明，在 ED 人群中，减少不良适应性 ER 和增加适应性 ER 的干预措施是有效的。
五级，横断面描述性研究。
